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. 2025 Jun 2;17:186. doi: 10.1186/s13098-025-01733-5

Table 4.

Multisystem clinical manifestations associated with FPLD [1, 5, 12, 29, 30, 6870]

Manifestations Clinical findings
Dermatological Skin thickening, seborrhoea, acne, lipomas, acanthosis nigricans, leuko-melanoderma, scleroderma-like syndrome
Endocrine and metabolic Dyslipidemia (hypertriglyceridemia and low high-density lipoprotein), dysglycemia (glucose intolerance, impaired fasting glucose, or diabetes mellitus [DM]), polycystic ovary syndrome (hyperandrogenism, oligomenorrhea, infertility), hyperphagia
Cardiovascular Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), silent myocardial ischaemia, dilated cardiomyopathy, and arrhythmias
Gastrointestinal MASLD with potential progression to cirrhosis, acute pancreatitis due to hypertriglyceridemia
Genitourinary Chronic  kidney disease (secondary to DM and SAH), nephropathy with proteinuria
Neurological Diabetic or laminopathy-related neuropathy, cerebrovascular disease
Musculoskeletal Muscle hypertrophy or pseudohypertrophy, myalgia or myopathy (FPLD2), chronic and diffuse pain
Psychiatric Depression, anxiety, and impaired quality of life