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. 2025 Jun 3;5:0209. doi: 10.34133/hds.0209

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of patients with bipolar depression whether given antidepressants or not across the 5 data sources

IQVIA DA France IQVIA DA Germany IQVIA US Hospital CDM IQVIA US Open Claims Beijing Anding Pooled from 5 databases
AD Non-AD AD Non-AD AD Non-AD AD Non-AD AD Non-AD AD Non-AD
Sample size 502 682 1,077 2,696 3,072 14,249 69,274 30,398 504 389 74,429 48,414
Age, mean (SD) 52.67 ± 14.37 50.55 ± 15.26 53.11 ± 15.27 51.70 ± 16.57 49.2 ± 14.46 45.74 ± 15.14 44.9 ± 16.22 46.90 ± 18.71 39.0 ± 16.21 35.56 ± 14.86 47.80 ± 15.31 46.21 ± 16.14
Male, n (%) 188 (37.5) 201 (29.5) 412 (38.3) 1,036 (38.4) 819 (26.7) 4,161 (29.2) 19,840 (28.6) 12,016 (39.5) 208 (41.3) 166 (42.7) 21,467 (28.8) 17,580 (36.3)
Previous manic episodes, n (%) 7 (1.4) 22 (3.2) 122 (11.3) 296 (11) 195 (6.4) 928 (6.5) 6,740 (9.7) 2,982 (9.8) 135 (26.8) 132 (33.9) 7,199 (9.6) 4,360 (9)
Mood stabilizers, n (%) 133 (26.5) 196 (28.7) 370 (34.4) 700 (26) 1,454 (47.3) 653 (4.6) 35,676 (51.5) 5,393 (17.7) 307 (60.9) 233 (59.9) 37,940 (51.0) 7,175 (14.8)
Lithium, n (%) NA NA 170 (15.8) 357 (13.2) 368 (12) 215 (1.5) NA NA 172 (34.1) 160 (41.1) 710 (15.3) 732 (4.2)
Divalproex, n (%) 83 (16.5) 118 (17.3) 102 (9.5) 175 (6.5) 544 (17.7) 254 (1.8) 12,130 (17.5) 1,869 (6.2) 242 (48) 169 (43.4) 13,101 (17.6) 2,585 (5.3)
Lamotrigine, n (%) 40 (8) 63 (9.2) 130 (12.1) 225 (8.4) 685 (22.3) 218 (1.5) 26,283 (37.9) 3,633 (12) 24 (4.8) 29 (7.5) 27,162 (36.5) 4,168 (8.6)
Carbamazepine, n (%) 21 (4.2) 25 (3.7) 20 (1.9) 41 (1.5) 100 (3.3) 48 (0.3) 2,979 (4.3) 331 (1.1) NA NA 3,120 (4.2) 445 (0.9)
Olanzapine/fluoxetine (Symbyax) or lurasidone or quetiapine or cariprazine, n (%) 51 (10.2) 80 (11.7) 279 (25.9) 557 (20.7) 964 (31.4) 343 (2.4) 31,305 (45.2) 4,143 (13.6) 191 (37.9) 145 (37.3) 32,790 (44.1) 5,268 (10.9)
Antipsychotics, n (%) 168 (33.5) 244 (35.8) 409 (38) 807 (29.9) 2,026 (66) 1,074 (7.5) 49,524 (71.5) 7,618 (25.1) 317 (62.9) 257 (66.1) 52,444 (70.5) 10,000 (20.7)
First-generation antipsychotics, n (%) 28 (5.6) 46 (6.7) 41 (3.8) 62 (2.3) 693 (22.6) 499 (3.5) 7,689 (11.1) 1,106 (3.6) 52 (10.3) 41 (10.5) 8,503 (11.4) 1,754 (3.6)
Second-generation antipsychotics, n (%) 156 (31.1) 223 (32.7) 392 (36.4) 785 (29.1) 1,823 (59.3) 705 (5) 48,145 (69.5) 7,058 (23.2) 307 (60.9) 252 (64.8) 50,823 (68.3) 9,023 (18.6)

AD, antidepressants; NA, the proportion is less than 0.1%.