Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Jun 4.
Published in final edited form as: J Occup Environ Med. 2025 Feb 20;67(6):404–413. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003348

Table 4.

Measures and tools for studying TWH by substantive category (N=102)

Subcategory Measure/Tool Name and Source(s) LOM PE
Enterprise policies, programs, and practices (N=18)
General offerings (N=7) Workplace Health Achievement Index (WHAI)17 E N
HERO Health and Wellbeing Best Practices Scorecard (HERO Scorecard)18 E N, S, C
Workplace Readiness Questionnaire19 E N, S, C
Unnamed measure of management efforts with respect to integration of quality, safety, and ergonomics issues in manufacturing20 E N, S, C
WorkCheck21 E N, S
HealthLead Assessment22 E N
CDC Worksite Health ScoreCard (HSC)17,23 E N
Specific offerings/health issues (N=8) Heart Check / Heart Check Lite (HCL)21,24 E N, T, S, C
Unnamed wellness committee implementation index25 E N, S
Total Worker Health Employer Preparedness Survey26 E N
Working Well21 E -
Health Links Assessment: Food@Work Module27 E -
Health Links Assessment: Mental Health Module27 E -
Health Links Assessment: Family-Friendly Module27 E -
Health Links Assessment: Get Outdoors Module27 E -
TWH (N=3) The Integration Score28,29 E N, S, C
Workplace Integrated Safety and Health Assessment (WISH)30,31 E N, S
Dimensions of Corporate Integration32 E -
Conditions of work (N=34)
Exposures to physical or psychosocial hazards (N=4) Unnamed occupational exposure questionnaire for parkinsonism in welders33 W N, T, A
Modified Job Requirements and Physical Demands Survey (JRPDS)34 W T, S, C
Nature Contact Questionnaire (NCQ)35 W N, S, A
Healthy Work Survey (HWS)36,37 W N, S, C, A
Job demands and control (N=4) Job Demands Scale38 W S, C
Job Leeway Scale (JLS)39 W N, S, C
Decision Latitude Scale38 W S, C
Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ)40 W N
Safety/safety climate (N=12) Unnamed safety climate scale41 W N, T, S, C
Unnamed safety climate scale42 W N, T, S, C
Personal Workplace Safety Instrument for Emergency Nurses (PWSI-EN)43,44 W N, S, C
Safety Management Self-Assessment Questionnaire (SH-26)45 E N, S, C
Unnamed inter-organizational safety climate instrument46 O N, S, C
Unnamed safety climate scale47 W N, S, C
Workplace Safety Supplemental Items for Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Surveys on Patient Safety Culture (SOPS) Hospital Survey48 W N, S, C
Unnamed university safety climate survey49 W N, S, C
Unnamed generic safety climate scale for lone workers50 W S, C
English/Spanish Safety Climate Scale for Construction Workers51 W N, C
Assessment of Contractor Safety (ACES) Survey52 E N, S
Unnamed instrument to assess work environment factors for injury prevention in the food service industry53 E N
Work/life balance (N=2) Work-Health Management Interference (WHMI) Measure54 W N, S, C
Unnamed work-life balance scale55 W S, C
Workplace climate/culture of health (N=9) Ergonomics Climate Assessment56 W N, S, C, A
Workplace Support for Health (WSH) Scale57 W N, T, S, C, A
Leading by Example (LBE) Questionnaire58,59 E, W N, S, C
Healthy Work Environment Inventory (HWEI)60 W N, S, C
Workplace Culture of Health (COH) Scale61 W N, S, C
Unnamed measure of workplace climate in community clinics and health centers62 E N, S, C
Public Health Nurse (PHN) Work Environment Survey63 W N, S, C
Relative Environment Assessment Lens (REAL) Indicator64 W N
CDC NHWP Health and Safety Climate Survey (INPUTS)65 W -
Other (N=3) Unnamed occupational health history questionnaire66 W N, S, A
Anticipated Work Discrimination Scale67 W N, S, C
Relational-Interdependent Self-Construal with Supervisor (RISCS)68 W S, C
Enterprise outcomes (N=17)
General effects of health on productivity (N=10) Endicott Work Productivity Scale (EWPS)69 W S, C, A
World Health Organization Health and Work Performance Questionnaire (HPQ)69–72 W N, T, S, C, A
Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire (WPAI) - General Health69,70,73 W N, S, A
Stanford Presenteeism Scale (SPS-6)70,74 W N, T, S, C
Health and Work Questionnaire (HWQ)69,75 W N, T, S, C
Work Limitations Questionnaire (WLQ)69,70 W N, S, C
World Health Organization Health and Work Performance Questionnaire (HPQ) work functioning subscale76 W T, S
Employer Health Coalition (EHC) of Tampa Assessment Instrument Impairment at Work Scale70 W T, S
Work Productivity Short Inventory (WPSI)77,78 W N, S
Health and Labor Questionnaire (HLQ)69 W T
Effects of specific health issues on productivity (N=7) Migraine Work and Productivity Loss Questionnaire (MWPLQ)69,70 W S, C
Migraine Disability Assessment Questionnaire69 W S, C, A
Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire (WPAI) - Allergic Rhinitis Questionnaire69 W S, A
Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire (WPAI) - Chronic Hand Dermatitis Questionnaire69 W S, A
Social Role (SR) Scale of the Outcome Questionnaire (OQ)79 W S
Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire (WPAI) - Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire69 W S
Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire (WPAI) - Special Health Problem Questionnaire69 W -
Worker safety, health, and well-being (N=30)
Mental health and burnout (N=5) Abbreviated Maslach Burnout Inventory80 W T, S, C
Pain Catastrophizing Scale81 W S, C
Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale (STSS)82 W S, C
Social Security Administration Behavioral Health Function (SSA-BH) instrument83 W S
K-640 W N
Satisfaction (N=2) Satisfaction of Employees in Health Care Survey (SEHC)84 W N, S, C
The Caregiver Survey85 W S, C
Well-being (N=10) Affective Well-being at Work86,87 W N, S, C
Thriving from Work Questionnaire88,89 W N, T, S, C, A
Unnamed employee well-being scale90 W N, S, C, A
Teacher Subjective Wellbeing Questionnaire (TSWQ)91 W N, S, C, A
Workplace Wellbeing Questionnaire (WWQ)92 W N, S, A
Work-Related Well-Being (WRWB) Index93 W N, T, S, C
Eudaimonic Workplace Well-being Scale (EWWS)94 W N, S, C
Index of Psychological Well-Being at Work95 W N, S, C
WARR Scale of Job-related Affective Well-being (Warr’s Measure)95 W N, S, C
Job-Related Affective Well-Being Scale (JAWS)96 W N, S, C
Worker behavior (N=6) Unnamed disruptive behavior scale97 N, S, C
Patient Activation Measure (PAM)98 W N, S, C
Unnamed measure of safety compliance99 W N, S, C
Unnamed measure of safety participation99 W N, S, C
Concise Physical Activity Questionnaire (CPAQ)100 W N, T, S
NIOSH Health and Safety Practices Survey of Healthcare Workers101 W N
Other/mixed (N=7) Unnamed measure of leisure affect102 W N, S, C, A
Unnamed measure of leisure satisfaction102 W N, S, C, A
Unnamed measure of measure of workstyle103 W N, S, C, A
Unnamed knowledge, attitudes, perceptions (KAP) questionnaire104,105 W N, S, C
Organizational Mattering Scale (OMS)106 W N, T, S, C
The Integration Profile (TIP) workplace spirituality measure107 W S
CDC National Healthy Worksite Program (NHWP) Employee Health Assessment (CAPTURE)108 W -
Cross-category (N=3)
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Worker Well-Being Questionnaire (WellBQ)109 W N, S, C
Healthy Workplace Participatory Program (HWPP) All Employee Survey110 W N
The California Work & Health Survey111 W -

Note: LOM = level of measurement: E = employer, W = worker, O= other. PE = psychometric evaluation: N = content validity, T = criterion validity, S = construct validity, C= internal consistency, A = test/retest agreement.