Table 5.

Evaluation of domain adaptation under cross-institutional setting.

Model variant	Accuracy ↑	Precision ↑	Recall ↑	F1 Score ↑
Baseline (no domain adaptation)	80.2 ± 0.4	78.3 ± 0.3	76.8 ± 0.4	77.5 ± 0.3
+ Domain-adaptive learning (DAL)	83.0 ± 0.3	81.0 ± 0.3	80.1 ± 0.3	80.5 ± 0.3
+ Full HAFS Framework	85.6 ±0.3	83.5 ±0.3	82.9 ±0.4	83.2 ±0.3

Bold values indicate the best performance in each column.