TABLE 2.

Putative protective antibodies to Candida cell wall components: models and strategies

Component	Infection or vaccination	Antibodies	Model	Comments	Reference(s)
Mannan	Infection	Polyclonal	Rat vaginitis	Passive transfer with antibodies to mannan and SAP	37, 53
β-1,2 linked oligomannoside	Vaccination with liposomal-packed component	Polyclonal	Mouse and mouse vaginitis	Correlation between agglutinating antibodies and resistance	106, 108
	Passive transfer	Monoclonal (IgG)	Mouse and mouse vaginitis	Apparent epitope and antibody specificity; agglutination not sufficient for protection	106, 108
	Vaccination with mannan-protein conjugate	Polyclonal	Mouse vaginitis	Correlation between agglutinating antibodies and resistance	110
Yeast killer toxin receptor (β-1,6 glucan)	Infection; vaccination with anti-idiotypic antibodies	Polyclonal (IgA)	Rat vaginitis	Direct candidacidal activity	38, 224, 225
SAP	Infection	Polyclonal (IgA)	Rat vaginitis	Polyclonal antibodies contained both anti-mannan and anti-SAP immunoglobulins; anti-SAP antibodies may contribute to resistance	37, 53
hsp90	Human infection	Polyclonal	Human and mouse	Presence of antibody correlates with protection; passive transfer reduces mortality rate	188, 193, 194
LKVIRK epitope		Monoclonal (IgG)	Mouse	Prophylaxis reduced mortality	194
	Human infection	Human recombinant antibody	Mouse	Reduced mortality in acute infection and reduced organ burden in chronic model	196
hsp70	Human infection	Polyclonal	Human	Proposed as a general intermediate mechanism between innate and specific immunity	141
hsp75	Infection	Polyclonal (IgG)	Mouse	High levels of antibodies correlated with resolution of infection	46, 47
Non-hsp 96-kDa moiety	Infection	Polyclonal (IgG)	Mouse	High levels of antibodies correlated with resolution of infection	47
Enolase	Vaccination	Polyclonal	Mouse	Passive transfer in a lethal but not acute model	304
p43 immunosup- ressive factor	Vaccination	Polyclonal	Mouse	Neutralization of immunosuppressive properties; no lethal model	292