TABLE 2.
Outcome measurements.
| Outcomes | Before PSM | After PSM | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (N = 5,940) | Test (N = 13,959) | OR (95%CI) | P | Control (N = 3,169) | Test (N = 3,169) | OR (95%CI) | P | |
| POD, n (%) | 1,108 (18.65) | 1,282 (9.18) | 0.44 (0.40–0.49) | <0.001 | 564 (17.80) | 275 (8.68) | 0.43 (0.37–0.50) | <0.001 |
| POD durations* | 4.5 ± 1.0 | 4.5 ± 0.9 | 1.01 (0.77–1.34) | 0.935 | 4.5 ± 1.1 | 4.5 ± 1.0 | 1.04 (0.90–1.21) | 0.168 |
| PONV, n (%) | 723 (12.17) | 1,382 (9.90) | 0.80 (0.71–0.90) | <0.001 | 386 (12.18) | 307 (9.69) | 0.75 (0.64–0.89) | <0.001 |
| NRS | 2.6 ± 0.8 | 2.4 ± 0.9 | 0.85 (0.83–0.88) | <0.001 | 2.6 ± 0.8 | 2.4 ± 0.9 | 0.87 (0.84–0.91) | <0.001 |
| Hypotension, n (%) | 812 (13.67) | 2090 (14.97) | 1.34 (1.22–1.48) | <0.001 | 445 (14.04) | 471 (14.86) | 1.39 (1.22–1.59) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 766 (12.90) | 1,395 (9.99) | 0.66 (0.59–0.73) | <0.001 | 416 (13.13) | 338 (10.67) | 0.73 (0.63–0.84) | <0.001 |
| Bradycardia, n (%) | 972 (16.36) | 2,948 (21.12) | 1.13 (1.02–1.26) | 0.021 | 506 (15.97) | 659 (20.80) | 1.07 (0.93–1.23) | 0.37 |
| Tachycardia, n (%) | 938 (15.79) | 1,515 (10.85) | 0.74 (0.66–0.83) | <0.001 | 501 (15.81) | 372 (11.74) | 0.79 (0.68–0.92) | 0.003 |
| Hypoxemia, n (%) | 486 (8.18) | 1,137 (8.15) | 1.00 (0.87–1.14) | 0.957 | 262 (8.27) | 249 (7.86) | 0.98 (0.81–1.17) | 0.795 |
| Mortality, n (%) | 56 (0.94) | 155 (1.11) | 1.43 (0.97–2.13) | 0.072 | 27 (0.85) | 40 (1.26) | 1.51 (0.89–2.54) | 0.124 |
*
POD durations were analyzed through the subset of patients with POD.
Effects of perioperative dexmedetomidine were calculated through linear regression and logistic regression for continuous variables and categorical variables, respectively.