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. 2025 May 23;13:1584628. doi: 10.3389/fped.2025.1584628

Table 2.

Total number and relative percentage of samples per class during training for the ensemble of classifiers, as well as the multi-class classifier.

Training Validation Testing
Labels Incomplete 311 20.58% 101 23.65% 58 28.86%
Correct 1,200 79.42% 326 76.35% 143 71.14%
Twisted 274 18.59% 76 18.91% 33 18.75%
Correct 1,200 81.41% 326 81.09% 143 81.25%
Too long 345 22.33% 102 23.83% 68 32.23%
Correct 1,200 77.67% 326 76.17% 143 67.77%
Too loose 40 3.23% 17 4.96% 9 5.92%
Correct 1,200 96.77% 326 95.04% 143 94.08%
Below GE junction 261 17.86% 83 20.29% 53 27.04%
Correct 1,200 82.14% 326 79.71% 143 72.96%
Incomplete 311 12.79% 101 14.33% 58 15.93%
Twisted 274 11.27% 76 10.78% 33 9.07%
Too long 345 14.19% 102 14.47% 68 18.68%
Too loose 261 10.74% 83 11.77% 53 14.56%
Below GE junction 40 1.65% 17 2.41% 9 2.47%
Correct 1,200 49.36% 326 46.24% 143 39.29%

Class distribution may vary between training, validation and test sets due to random sampling.