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. 2025 May 23;16:1573098. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1573098

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics.

Characteristics LenHAP (n=108) BevHAP (n=108) p
Age 0.20
 ≤50 44 (40.7%) 35 (32.4%)
 >50 64 (59.3%) 73 (67.6%)
Sex 0.25
 male 100 (92.6%) 95 (88.0%)
 female 8 (7.4%) 13 (12.0%)
HBsAg 0.14
 Positive 92 (85.2%) 99 (91.7%)
 Negative 16 (14.8%) 9 (8.3%)
ECOG PS 1.0
 0 104 (96.3%) 104 (96.3%)
 1 4 (3.7%) 4 (3.7%)
Child-Pugh grade 0.28
 A 106 (98.1%) 102 (94.4%)
 B 2 (1.9%) 6 (5.6%)
ALBI grade 0.68
 1 67 (62.0%) 64 (59.3%)
 2 40 (37.0%) 44 (40.7%)
 3 1 (0.9%) 0 (0%)
ALB, median (IQR), g/dL 41.7 (38.4-43.7) 41.9 (37.9-44.9) 0.66
ALT, median (IQR), U/L 45.0 (30.4-63.8) 45.7 (29.9-64.2) 0.78
AST, median (IQR), U/L 65.1 (40.9-105.0) 63.7 (38.1-104.9) 0.85
TBIL, median (IQR), µmol/L 16.1 (12.5-22.0) 15.7 (11.8-24.5) 0.91
PT, median (IQR), s 12.2 (11.7-12.9) 12.2 (11.3-12.7) 0.26
Tumor size, cm, mean (SD) 11.0 (3.9) 10.2 (5.0) 0.094
 ≤10 50 (46.3%) 61 (56.5%) 0.13
 >10 58 (53.7%) 47 (43.5%)
Tumor number 0.48
 ≤3 35 (32.4%) 40 (37.0%)
 >3 73 (67.6%) 68 (63.0%)
PVTT (Japan)
 Vp0 43 (39.8%) 45 (41.7%) 0.89
 Vp1-2 15 (13.9%) 12 (11.1%)
 Vp3 21 (19.4%) 24 (22.2%)
 Vp4 29 (26.9%) 27 (25.0%)
HVTT 0.33
 No 93 (86.1%) 93 (86.1%)
 Hepatic vein 7 (6.5%) 11 (10.2%)
 Inferior vena cava 8 (7.4%) 4 (3.7%)
Extrahepatic metastasis 0.56
 No 76 (70.4%) 72 (66.7%)
 Yes 32 (29.6%) 36 (33.3%)
AFP, ng/ml, median (IQR) 1097 (40.3-25969) 550 (21.1-11523) 0.36
 ≤400 48 (44.4%) 52 (48.1%) 0.59
 >400 60 (55.6%) 56 (51.9%)
BCLC stage 0.43
 A or B 29 (26.9%) 24 (22.2%)
 C 79 (73.1%) 84 (77.8%)
Potentially resectable* 0.77
 No 70 (64.8%) 72 (66.7%)
 Yes 38 (35.2%) 36 (33.3%)
PD-1/L1 antibody p<0.001
 PD-1 antibody
  Tislelizumab 3 (2.8%) 1 (0.9%)
  Camrelizumab 10 (9.3%) 0
  Pembrolizumab 5 (4.6%) 0
  Toripalimab 28 (25.9%) 0
  Sintilimab 61 (56.5%) 55 (50.9%)
 PD-L1 antibody
  Atezolizumab 1 (0.9%) 52 (48.1%)

*Potentially resectable were defined as that the tumors were localized in the same segment or half of liver (or the lesions outside the resection area could be treated by ablation at the same time) and were consistent with resectable hepatic vein invasion, portal vein invasion (PVTT) (except main PVTT) or bile duct tumor thrombus without distant metastasis.