Table 2.
Uni- and multivariate comparison of multimodal neuromonitoring data dichotomized by treatment response
| All | No DCI infarction | DCI infarction | Univariate p-value✝ | OR for DCI infarction | 95% CI | Multivariate p-value‡ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 63 | n = 39 | n = 24 | |||||
| MMM—72 h | |||||||
| CPP (mmHg)—mean ± SD | 89.3 ± 21.7 | 87.6 ± 21.1 | 91.0 ± 11.3 | 0.545 | |||
| PRx—mean ± SD | 0.07 ± 0.21 | 0.07 ± 0.22 | 0.08 ± 0.21 | 0.971 | 2.70 | 1.04 to 4.67 | < 0.001 |
| PtiO2 (mmHg)—mean ± SD | 17.0 ± 13.6 | 16.5 ± 13.0 | 17.7 ± 14.8 | 0.783 | |||
| Lactate (mmol/L)—Median (Q1 to Q3) | 3.28 (2.57 to 5.16) | 3.22 (2.47 to 4.13) | 4.57 (2.93 to 6.54) | 0.284 | |||
| Pyruvate (µmol/L)—Median (Q1 to Q3) | 93.1 (78.3 to 140.0) | 91.9 (78.4 to 122.0) | 111.0 (79.9 to 160.0) | 0.529 | |||
| LPR—median (Q1 to Q3) | 32.4 (26.7 to 43.2) | 30.7 (25.9 to 35.3) | 40.2 (29.2 to 54.2) | 0.165 | 1.02 | 1.01 to 1.03 | < 0.001 |
| Glucose (mmol/L)—Median (Q1 to Q3) | 0.873 (0.520 to 1.56) | 1.08 (0.593 to 1.67) | 0.778 (0.446 to 0.965) | 0.148 | |||
| Glutamate (µmol/L)—median (Q1 to Q3) | 3.98 (1.87 to 9.92) | 3.70 (2.05 to 8.59) | 4.77 (1.74 to 10.1) | 0.939 | |||
| Glycerol (mmol/L)—median (Q1 to Q3) | 94.4 (52.4 to 139.0) | 104.0 (59.1 to 161.0) | 68.2 (41.0 to 118.0) | 0.276 | |||
| Poor-grade SAH (WFNS 3–5)—no. (%) | 46 (73.0) | 27 (69.2) | 19 (79.2) | 0.560 | 1.85* | 1.43 to 2.25* | < 0.001 |
| Time (hrs) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 1.02 | 0.86 to 1.16 | 0.763 |
✝Univariate analysis based on individual tests of 72 h data including a single mean or median per patient, as described in the methods
‡Multivariate analysis based on generalized linear mixed effects modelling with patient level and time, as a random intercept after testing for multicollinearity between predictors via the assessment of the Variance Inflation Factor with a cut-off of 2.5. All continuous data point per patients from the 72 h preceding DCI confirmation were included into the model
*Adjusted odds ratios for poor-grade SAH are in relation to the level Yes/1
CPP, cerebral perfusion pressure; hrs, hours; mmHg, millimeter of mercury; µmol, micromole; mmol, micromole; n/a, not applicable; PtiO2, brain tissue oxygen tension; PRx, pressure reactivity index; Q1, first quartile; Q3, third quartile; SAH, aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, SD, standard deviation; WFNS, World Federation of Neurological Surgeons grading scale