Table 3.

Plant-Derived Peptides in Pharmaceutical Fields.

Name	Origin	Bioactivities	Target Organisms	Other bioactivities	References
DmAMP1, HsAFP1, and RsAFP2	plant	anti human pathogenic microorganisms	Aspergillus flavus, Candida albicans, Candida krusei, and Fusarium proliferatum	–	(Thevissen et al., 2007)
OsAFP1	rice Oryza sativa	anti human pathogenic microorganisms	Candida albicans	–	(Ochiai et al., 2018)
cyclotides	sweet violet Viola odorata	anti human pathogenic microorganisms	Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus	–	(Pranting et al., 2010; Strömstedt et al., 2017)
bleogens	cactaceae Pereskia bleo	anti human pathogenic microorganisms	Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis	–	(Loo et al., 2017)
hispidalin	Benincasa hispida	anti human pathogenic microorganisms	Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium chrysogenum, Fusarium Solani, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and Curvularia geniculata	–	(Sharma et al., 2014)
cyclotides	Oldenlandia affinis	anti human pathogenic microorganisms	anti-plasmodial	anti-inflammatory	(Nworu et al., 2017)
iturins and fengycins	plant-derived Bacillus subtilis	anti human pathogenic microorganisms	Alcaligenes faecalis, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Pseudomonas alcaligenes, and Pseudomonas putida,Klebsiella aerogenes, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa	inhibit planktonic and sessile growth	(de Souza Freitas et al., 2020)
Peoriaerin II	Millettia pachycarpa-derived Paenibacillus peoriae	anti human pathogenic microorganisms	Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida species	–	(Ngashangva et al., 2021a)
RsAFP2	Raphanus sativus	anti human pathogenic microorganisms	Candida albicans	synergize with the antifungal drug caspofungin	(Vriens et al., 2016)
CaThi	Capsicum annuum	anti human pathogenic microorganisms	Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa	synergize with the antifungal drug fluconazole	(Taveira et al., 2014) (Taveira et al., 2017)
CyO2	Viola odorata L. Violaceae	anti human pathogenic microorganisms	HIV-1-infected Cells and Infectious Viral Particles	–	(Gerlach et al., 2013)
alstotides	Alstonia scholaris	anti human pathogenic microorganisms	infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and dengue virus	–	(Nguyen et al., 2015)
Luffin P1	sponge gourd Luffa cylindrica	anti human pathogenic microorganisms	HIV-1	–	(Ng et al., 2011)
Pep-RTYM	Acacia catechu	anti human pathogenic microorganisms	dengue virus (DENV)	–	(Panya et al., 2020)
leucinostatin A	Taxus baccata-derived Acremonium sp.	anticancer	prostate stromal cells (prostate cancer)	–	(Kawada et al., 2010)
beauvericin	plant-derived Fusarium sp.	anticancer	MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer), PC-3 M (prostate cancer), A549 (human non-small cell lung cancer), CCRF-CEM (human leukemia), HepG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma), SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma), KBv200 (human oral squamous carcinoma cell), A375SM (human melanoma), etc.	immunomodulatory	(Liu et al., 2024)
new peptide-type 1 and 2	Dendrobium officinale-derived Streptomyces	anticancer	Hep3B2.1–7 (liver cancer) and H1299 (Lung Cancer)	–	(Zhao et al., 2020)
viscotoxins	mistletoe	anticancer	rat osteosarcoma and human lymphocytes	–	(Büssing et al., 1999a; Büssing et al., 1999b; Kong et al., 2004)
Pyrularia thionin	American mistletoe Pyrularia pubera	anticancer	HeLa (cervical cancer), B16 (murine melanoma)	–	(Evans et al., 1989)
PaDef	Persea americana var. drymifolia	anticancer	breast cancer and chronic myeloid leukemia		(Guzmán-Rodríguez et al., 2016) (Jiménez-Alcántar et al., 2022)
NaD1	Tobacco	anticancer	monocytic lymphoma U937	–	(Poon et al., 2014)
CyO2	Viola odorata L. Violaceae	anticancer	breast cancer	–	(Gerlach et al., 2010)
colletotrichamides A-E	halophyte-derived Colletotrichum gloeosporioides JS419	Alzheimer intervention	HT22 cells	–	(Bang et al., 2019)
BZR-cotoxin I and BZR-cotoxin IV	Rhazya stricta-derived Bipolaris sorokiniana LK12	Alzheimer intervention	acetylcholinesterase, lipid peroxidation, urease	–	(Ali et al., 2016)
cyclic peptide	cucumber roots-derived Paecilomyces formosus LHL10	diabetes intervention	urease and α-glucosidase	–	(Bilal et al., 2018)
–	Acacia nilotica-derived Aspergillus awamori	diabetes intervention	α-amylase and α-glucosidase	–	(Singh et al., 2016) (Singh and Kaur, 2016)