Table 2.

Clinical Characteristics in 5 Clusters Based on the Immune Profile

Demographics	Summary
Cluster I
Patients, n	19
Cytokine/chemokine balance subgroup	(A) 10, (B) 6, (C) 3, (D) 0, (E) 0
UC/CD	13/6
Disease activity at baseline	LI: 8 (6, 10.5), HB: 5 (2.25, 5)
Molecular-targeted medications	TNF, n = 9; IL-12/23, n = 5; integrin, n = 4; JAKi, n = 1
Cluster II
Patients, n	19
Cytokine/chemokine balance subgroup	(A) 2, (B) 4, (C) 6, (D) 5, (E) 2
UC/CD	12/7
Disease activity at baseline	LI: 8.5 (7, 9.75), HB: 4 (2, 4)
Molecular-targeted medications	TNF, n = 5; IL-12/23, n = 6; integrin, n = 8; JAKi, n = 0
Cluster III
Patients, n	6
Cytokine/chemokine balance subgroup	(A) 0, (B) 1, (C) 0, (D) 5, (E) 0
UC/CD	5/1
Disease activity at baseline	LI: 10 (8.5, 10), HB: 2
Molecular-targeted medications	TNF, n = 1; IL-12/23, n = 3; integrin, n = 2; JAKi, n = 0
Cluster IV
Patients, n	8
Cytokine/chemokine balance subgroup	(A) 0, (B) 1, (C) 2, (D) 2, (E) 3
UC/CD	7/1
Disease activity at baseline	LI: 10 (7, 12), HB: 5
Molecular-targeted medications	TNF, n = 3; IL-12/23, n = 1; integrin, n = 2; JAKi, n = 2
Cluster V
Patients, n	7
Cytokine/chemokine balance subgroup	(A) 0, (B) 0, (C) 0, (D) 0, (E) 7
UC/CD	5/2
Disease activity at baseline	LI: 9 (6.5, 11), HB: 4 (3, 5)
Molecular-targeted medications	TNF, n = 3; IL-12/23, n = 1; integrin, n = 3; JAKi, n = 0

The data are presented as the number or median (IQR).

HB, Harvey–Bradshaw index; Integrin, anti-α₄β₇ integrin antibody (including vedolizumab); IL-12/23, anti-IL-12/23p40 antibody (including ustekinumab); JAKi, Janus kinase inhibitor (including filgotinib); LI, Lichtiger index.