. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Jun 8.

Published in final edited form as: J Magn Reson Imaging. 2024 Aug 12;61(3):1110–1132. doi: 10.1002/jmri.29526

Table 3.

MRI Vendor Implementation and Offline Software for R2*-LIC Estimation.

MRI Vendor/ Offline Software	Acquisition	Signal Model & Calibration	Outputs & Features	Regulatory approval
MRI Vendor Implementation
Fat Fraction Quantification (FFQ), Canon Medical Systems (https://global.medical.canon/products/magnetic-resonance/good-to-know#fat)	3D multi-echo GRE 1.5T/3T: TR: 7.8ms; TE₁/ΔTE: 1.2ms/1.0ms; 6 echoes; flip angle: 3–5°; slice thickness: 6–8mm; bandwidth: 1302 Hz/pixel; acquisition time: 20s	Joint fat-R2* model⁴⁹	R2*, PDFF, water, fat, in-phase, out-phase	FDA
IDEALIQ, GE HealthCare	3D multi-echo GRE 1.5T: TR: 9.6ms; TE₁/ ΔTE: 0.7ms/0.7ms; 12 echoes; flip angle: 12°; slice thickness: 8mm; FOV: 40×32cm²; matrix: 144×128×32; voxel size: 2.8×3.1×8mm³; acceleration factor: 2; acquisition time: 21.2s 3T: TR: 6ms; TE₁/ ΔTE: 0.6ms/0.6ms; flip angle: 9°; 8 echoes; slice thickness: 8mm; FOV: 40×32cm²; matrix: 144×128×32; voxel size: 2.8×3.1×8mm³; acceleration factor: 1.5; acquisition time: 17.3s	Joint fat-R2* model	R2*, PDFF, water, fat, in-phase, out-phase images, B0 field map	FDA, EMA, NMPA
IronQuant, GE HealthCare	Same as IDEALIQ, GE HealthCare	Joint fat-R2* model Hernando²⁹ calibration	LIC, R2*, PDFF, water, fat, in-phase, out-phase images, B0 field map Inline LIC Map	Investigational Device
mDIXON-Quant Philips	3D multi-echo GRE 1.5T SENSE: TR: 5.3ms; TE₁/ ΔTE: 0.92ms/0.7ms; 6 echoes; flip angle: 5°; slice thickness: 6mm; FOV: 400×350×231mm³; matrix: 132×118×38; reconstructed 192×192×77; voxel size: 3×3×6mm³; reconstruced 2.1×2.1×3mm³; acceleration factor: 2; acquisition Time: 12.1s 3T SENSE: TR: 5.6ms; TE₁/ΔTE: 0.97ms/0.7ms; 6 echoes; flip angle: 3°; slice thickness: 6mm; FOV: 400×350×231mm; matrix: 160×140×38; reconstructed 192×192×77; voxel size: 2.5×2.5×6mm; reconstructed: 2.1×2.1×3.0mm; acceleration factor: 2; acquisition time: 15.6s	Joint fat-R2* model	R2, T2, PDFF, water, fat, in-phase, out-phase images, B0 and fit error maps. Compressed SENSE and SmartSpeed reconstruction * B0 and fit error maps are only available via research license. * Liver volume segmentation via the MR Liver Health package.	FDA, EMA, HSA
StarQuant, Philips	2D multi-echo GRE 1.5T: TR: 15ms, TE₁/ ΔTE: 1.12ms/0.8ms; 16 echoes; flip angle: 25°; slice thickness: 5mm; FOV: 350×350mm; matrix: 140×140×10; voxel size: 2.5×2.5×5mm; acceleration factor: 1.5; acquisition time: 14.7s 3.0T: TR: 16ms; TE₁/ΔTE: 1.19ms/0.9ms; 16 echoes; flip angle: 25°; slice thickness: 5mm; FOV: 350×350mm; matrix: 176×176×10; voxel size: 2×2×6mm; acceleration factor: 2; acquisition time: 15.1s *No default 3D acquisition protocols are provided	Monoexponential with noise floor correction	R2, T2 Compatible with SENSE parallel imaging, Compressed SENSE and SmartSpeed reconstruction	FDA, EMA, HSA
LiverLab, Siemens Healthineers Multi-echo Dixon (“q-dixon”)	3D multi-echo GRE 1.5T: TR: 9ms; TE₁/ ΔTE: 1.1ms/1.19ms; 6 echoes; flip angle: 4°; slice thickness: 3.5mm; matrix: 160×128; Bandwidth: 1100Hz/pixel; acceleration factor: 3; acquisition time: 15s 3T: TR: 9ms; TE₁/ ΔTE: 1.1ms/1.23ms; 6 echoes; flip angle: 4°; slice thickness: 3.5mm; matrix: 160×128; Bandwidth: 1100Hz/pixel; acceleration factor: 4; acquisition time: 13s For higher iron levels, 1.5T & 3T: higher Bandwidth (1400Hz/pixel), minimized echo times (TE₁/ ΔTE: 0.9ms/1ms), higher flip angle (6°), acceleration factor: 3; acquisition time: 15s.	Joint fat-R2* model	R2, PDFF, water, fat, goodness of fit, original echoes User scan assistance, liver segmentation (from separate high-resolution 2pt Dixon scan if available), inline ROI, inline R2 & PDFF report	FDA
LiverLab, Siemens Healthineers Multi-echo Dixon works-in-progress (WIP) package	3D multi-echo GRE Same as for LiverLab product with modification for higher iron levels Breath-hold 3D Cartesian or free-breathing 3D stack-of-radial	Joint fat-R2* model Configurable R2-LIC calibration, signal model adaptations for high R2	Additional LIC map & report Radial self-gating	Research software
*Offline software: R2-LIC**
LiverMultiscan (https://www.perspectum.com/our-products/livermultiscan/, Perspectum Diagnostics, Oxford, UK^60,68	3D multi-echo GRE TR: 10ms; TE₁/ΔTE: 1.1ms/1.0ms; 6 echoes; flip angle: 6°; slice thickness: 10mm; FOV: 35–40cm; matrix:128×128; acquisition time: 15s	Joint fat-R2* model, *calibration not reported	R2*, PDFF, LIC, iron corrected T1, automated whole liver segmentation Commercial; standalone software	FDA, EMA, HSA
MRQuantif (https://imagemed.univ-rennes1.fr/en), Prof. Yves Gandon, University of Rennes, Rennes, France^20,61	2D multi-echo GRE (8–10 echoes) preferred Various GRE protocols: (https://imagemed.univ-rennes1.fr/en/mrquantif/protocols.php)	Eight different signal models to calculate T2* (https://imagemed.univ-rennes1.fr/en/mrquantif/quantif); Calibrations: Anderson, Woods, Hankins, Garbowski, Henninger	R2*, PDFF, LIC, SIR Non-commercial; standalone software; platform independent; online and desktop versions	No regulatory approval
Parametric MRI (pMRI) https://www.parametricmri.com/ Dmitry Khrichenko, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA^69,70	2D Multi-echo GRE (minimum of 2 echoes) Wood et al. 2005 TR: 25ms; TE₁/ΔTE: 0.8ms /0.25ms; 16 echoes; FA: 20°; slice thickness: 15 mm Henninger et al. 2015 2D Multi-echo GRE TR: 200ms; TE_1/ΔTE: 0.99ms/1.41ms; 12 echoes; FA: 20°; fat suppression; slice thickness: 10mm	Monoexponential, monoexponential plus constant offset or bi-exponential; supports truncation; Calibrations: Anderson, Woods, Hankins, Garbowski, Henninger, Hernando (1.5T and 3.0T)	R2*, LIC, R2, T1, semi-automated whole liver segmentation Non-commercial; standalone software; batch processing	No regulatory approval
http://www.isodense.com/ic, Jose Michel Kalaf Research Institute, Campinas, Brazil⁷¹	Multi-echo GRE Acquisition parameters not reported	Monoexponential with truncation; Garbowski calibration	R2*, LIC Non-commercial; standalone software; online version	No regulatory approval
*Offline software: R2 Parametric Maps**
QLiver or QP-Liver (https://quibim.com/products/qp-liver/), QUIBIM, Valencia, Spain)^20,62,63	Multi-echo GRE Acquisition parameters not reported	Joint fat-R2* model, complex fitting	R2*, PDFF, automated whole liver segmentation Commercial; standalone software;	Approval in Spain
MRmap (https://sourceforge.net/projects/mrmap/), Cardiac MRI Unit, Franz-Volhard-Klinik, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany³²	Multi-echo GRE Acquisition parameters not reported	Monoexponential; monoexponential plus constant offset	R2*, T2, T1 Non-commercial; standalone software; platform independent
QMass or QMAP (https://medisimaging.com/software-solutions/medis-suite-mr/), Medis Medical Imaging, Netherland³⁵	Multi-echo GRE Acquisition parameters not reported	Monoexponential	R2*, T2, T1 Commercial; standalone software; automatic contour detection or manual ROI	FDA
CVI42 or CMR42 (https://www.circlecvi.com/cvi42), Circle Cardiovascular Imaging Inc., Calgary, Canada^64,65	Multi-echo GRE Acquisition parameters not reported	Monoexponential; monoexponential plus constant offset; Monoexponential with truncation; Monoexponential with noise floor subtraction.	T2*, T2 Commercial; standalone software or plugin; can integrate with MRI vendor servers	FDA
CMRtools (Thalassemia Tools), Cardiovascular Imaging Solutions, London, UK^64,65,72	Multi-echo GRE Acquisition parameters not reported	Monoexponential	T2* Commercial; standalone software or plugin;	FDA

Region(s), regulatory body: United States of America, Food and Drug Administration (FDA); European Union, European Medicine Agency (EMA); Singapore, Health Sciences Authority (HSA); China, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA)