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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2024 Feb 12;12(2):851–864. doi: 10.1007/s40615-024-01923-3

Table 4.

Multivariate ordinal logistic regression analyses of race and ethnicity and mental health outcomes among young adults stratified by SES (TATAMS, Waves 11–14 (n = 9491))a,b

Depressionc Anxietyd


SESd Well-off Poor Well-off Poor
aOR (95% CI) aOR (95% CI) aOR (95% CI) aOR (95% CI)
Race and Ethnicitye
  Non-Hispanic White (Ref.) (Ref.) (Ref.) (Ref.)
  Hispanic/Latino 1.09 (0.82, 1.46) 0.99 (0.59, 1.65) 0.78 (0.59, 1.04) 0.93 (0.58, 1.51)
  Non-Hispanic Black 0.41 (0.27, 0.62)* 0.33 (0.18, 0.61)* 0.44 (0.29, 0.65)* 0.44 (0.25, 0.77)*
  Non-Hispanic Other 0.89 (0.62, 1.29) 0.56 (0.29, 1.08) 0.80 (0.56, 1.14) 0.58 (0.31, 1.07)
a

Number of observations in the analytic sample from TATAMS Waves 11–14 among n = 2629 participants

b

Multivariate ordinal logistic regression models for symptoms of depression and anxiety outcomes adjusted for sex, time (i.e. survey wave) and cohort (i.e. grade at Wave 14). Individual was specified as the random intercept for each multivariate model. Odds ratios were modeled over lower severity

c

Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9): “Over the last 2 weeks, how often have you been bothered by the following problems?”; response options: 0 (not at all), 1 (several days), 2 (more than half the days), 3 (nearly every day). Categories 0–4: minimal, 5–9: mild, 10–14: moderate, 15–19: moderately severe, 20 + : severe

d

General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7): “Over the last 2 weeks, how often have you been bothered by the following problems?”; response options: 0 (not at all), 1 (several days), 2 (more than half the days), 3 (nearly every day). Scores 0–4: none, 5–9: mild, 10–14: moderate, 15–21: severe

e

SES: Well-off includes ‘very well-off’ and ‘living comfortably’; Poor includes ‘just getting by’, ‘nearly poor’, and ‘poor’

f

Non-Hispanic Other race and ethnicity includes Asian, American Indian or Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, or Other

(Ref.): Reference category

aOR: adjusted odds ratio

95% CI: 95% Wald confidence intervals

*

p value < 0.05, statistically significant