Table 3.

GEE model of the association between social media use and alcohol use over time.

Predictor	Odds Ratio (95 % c.i.)	Coefficient (95 % c.i.)	Std Err
Age	1.33 (1.23, 1.44)	0.28 (0.21, 0.36)	0.05
Biological sex	0.88 (0.79, 0.98)	−0.12 (−0.23, −0.02)	0.05
Household income	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)	0.00 (−0.01, 0.01)	<0.01
Racial/ethnic background
Black or African American	0.22 (0.18, 0.29)	−1.49 (−1.74, −1.25)	0.03
Hispanic or Latino	0.50 (0.43, 0.58)	−0.69 (−0.84, −0.54)	0.04
Asian	0.38 (0.23, 0.62)	−0.97 (−1.46, −0.49)	0.09
Other	0.70 (0.58, 0.83)	−0.36 (−0.54, −0.18)	0.06
Time	0.88 (0.82, 0.94)	−0.13 (−0.20, −0.06)	0.03
Social media use	1.50 (1.31, 1.72)	0.41 (0.27, 0.54)	0.04
Social media use X time	1.09 (1.01, 1.17)	0.09 (0.01, 0.16)	0.04

Note: c.i. = confidence interval; biological sex was coded as 0 = male, 1 = female; racial/ethnic background was coded as a categorical variable with non-Hispanic white as the reference category.