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. 2025 May 1;25(2):1–177.

Table 17:

Pain Relief After First Treated Attack, nVNS vs. Control, Acute Treatment, Migraine

Author, year (study) Time measure, min Participants, nVNS/control, n Pain relief, % RR (95% CI)a P a
nVNS Control
Tassorelli et al, 201855 (PRESTO) 120 120/123 40.8 27.6 1.48 (1.03-2.11) .03
60 35.8 24.4 1.47 (0.99-2.18) .05
30 26.7 18.7 1.43 (0.89-2.29) .14

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; nVNS, noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation; RR, relative risk.

a

Calculated using data provided.