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. 2025 May 1;25(2):1–177.

Table 18:

Response in ≥ 50% of Attacks, nVNS vs. Control, Acute Treatment, Migraine

Author, year (study) Participants, nVNS/control, n Response in ≥ 50% of attacks, n (%) RR (95% CI) P
nVNS Control
Tassorelli et al, 201855 (PRESTO) 105/99 50 (47.6) 32 (32.3) 1.47 (1.04—2.09)a .03a

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; nVNS, noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation; RR, relative risk.

a

Calculated using data reported in the study.