Skip to main content
. 2025 May 1;25(2):1–177.

Table 20:

Pain Freedom After First Treated Attack, nVNS vs. Control, Acute Treatment, Migraine

Author, year (study) Time, min Participants, nVNS/control, n Pain freedom, %a RR (95% CI)b
nVNS Control
Tassorelli et al, 201855 (PRESTO) 120 120/123 30 21.1 1.42 (0.92-2.20)
60 20.8 12.1 1.71 (0.95-3.08)
30 15 5.7 2.64 (1.14-6.08)

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; nVNS, noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation; RR, relative risk.

a

Percent estimates may not match those reported by the study due to the use of unadjusted data.

b

Calculated from unadjusted data provided in the study.