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. 2025 May 1;25(2):1–177.

Table 22:

Sustained Pain Freedom After First Treated Attack, nVNS vs. Control, Acute Treatment, Migraine

Author, year (study) Time measure, h Participants, nVNS/control, n Sustained pain freedom, % RR (95% CI)a P a
nVNS Control
Martelletti et al, 201864 (PRESTO) 24 36/26 75 84.6 0.89 (0.7-1.08) .4
48 58.3 69.2 0.84 (0.58-1.23) .37

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; nVNS, noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation; RR, relative risk.

a

Calculated from data provided.