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. 2025 May 27;12:1561505. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1561505

Table 4.

Levels of kinesiophobia in patients.

TSK-Heart Score Time Psychological intervention group (n = 42) Conventional CR group (n = 44) t P
Dysfunction Pre-intervention 13.43 ± 1.36 13.30 ± 1.23 0.4755 0.6357
Post-intervention 7.97 ± 1.14* 9.98 ± 1.11* 8.2594 <0.001
Exercise fear Pre-intervention 15.81 ± 2.31 15.75 ± 2.46 0.1155 0.9083
Post-intervention 10.24 ± 2.13* 12.59 ± 2.27* 4.6096 <0.001
Risk perception Pre-intervention 13.38 ± 1.32 13.23 ± 1.38 0.5268 0.5997
Post-intervention 7.86 ± 1.12* 9.34 ± 1.27* 5.7300 <0.001
Exercise avoidance Pre-intervention 13.43 ± 1.23 13.15 ± 1.34 0.9741 0.3328
Post-intervention 7.81 ± 1.17* 9.41 ± 1.23* 6.1753 <0.001
Total Score Pre-intervention 56.05 ± 6.10 55.43 ± 6.25 0.4620 0.6453
Post-intervention 33.88 ± 5.39* 41.32 ± 5.99* 6.0452 <0.001

TSK-Heart, exercise fear scale for patients with heart disease.

*

P < 0.05, indicative of statistical significance when compared to the pre-intervention phase within the same group.