Skip to main content
. 2025 May 10;12:100718. doi: 10.1016/j.apjon.2025.100718

Table 3.

Critical appraisal of Methodological Quality of Quality Indicator.

AIRE domain Walling et al., 2023 Rollison et al., 2022 Lorenz et al., 2009 Dy et al., 2010 Campion et al., 2011 Ahluwalia et al., 2022
Purpose, relevance and organizational context 80% 87% 90% 92% 90% 87%

1. The purpose of the indicator is described clearly 3.5 4 4 4 3.5 4
2. The criteria for selecting the topic of the indicator are described indetail 3 3 3 4 4 3
3. The organizational context of the indicator is described in detail 3 4 4 3 4 3.5
4. The quality domain the indicator addresses is described indetail 3 3.5 4 4 3 4
5. The health-care process covered by the indicator is described and defined in detail 3.5 3 3 3.5 3.5 3
Stakeholder involvement 79% 58% 62% 79% 67% 50%
6. The group developing the indicator includes individuals from relevant professional groups 3.5 2.5 3 3.5 3 2
7. Considering the purpose of the indicator, all relevant stakeholders have been involved at some stage of the development process 3.5 2 2.5 3 3 2
8. The indicator has been formally endorsed 2.5 2.5 2 3 2 2
Scientific evidence 70% 50% 79% 91% 87% 54%
9. Systematic methods were used to search for scientific evidence 2.5 1 3.5 4 4 1
10. The indicator is based on recommendations from an evidence-based guideline or studies published in peer-reviewed scientific journals 3 3 3 3 3 3
11. The supporting evidence has been critically appraised 3 2 3 4 3.5 2.5
Additional evidence, formulation, usage 80% 59% 68% 77% 83% 81%
12. The numerator and denominator are described in detail 2.5 2 2.5 3 3 2
13. The target patient population of the indicator is defined clearly 3 3 3 3 4 4
14. A strategy for risk adjustment has been considered and described 2.5 2 2.5 2 3 3
15. The indicator measures what it is intended to measure 3.5 3 3 4 3.5 3
16. The indicator measures accurately and consistently 3.5 3 3 3 3.5 3
17. The indicator has sufficient discriminative power 3 2.5 3 3 3 3
18. The indicator has been piloted in practice 4 1 2 4 4 4
19. The efforts needed for data collection have been considered 3.5 2 2.5 3 3 3.5
20. Specific instructions for presenting and interpreting the indicator results are provided 3.5 3 3 3 3 4

AIRE, Appraisal of Indicators through Research and Evaluation.