Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics
| Intervention (n = 264) | Usual care (n = 267) | p Value | |
| Age, y, mean (SD) | 70.6 (9.9) | 70.6 (9.4) | 0.529 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 109 (41.3) | 106 (39.7) | 0.709 |
| Level of education based on the Dutch classification system developed by Verhage, n (%) | 0.037 | ||
| Low | 178 (67.4) | 182 (68.1) | |
| High | 77 (29.2) | 51 (19.1) | |
| Not otherwise specified | 2 (0.8) | 3 (1.1) | |
| NIHSS score at admission, median (IQR) | 2 (2) | 2 (2) | 0.346 |
| Treated with IVT, n (%) | 80 (30.3) | 56 (21.0) | 0.014 |
| Treated with EVT, n (%) | 8 (3.0) | 14 (5.2) | 0.201 |
| Duration of hospital admission, d, median (IQR) | 2 (2) | 2 (1) | 0.012 |
| mRS score at discharge, n (%) | 0.006 | ||
| 0 | 33 (12.5) | 38 (14.2) | |
| 1 | 124 (47.0) | 143 (53.6) | |
| 2 | 77 (29.2) | 82 (30.7) | |
| 3 | 20 (7.6) | 4 (1.5) | |
| 4 | 2 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | |
| 5 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Previous stroke, n (%) | 32 (12.1) | 41 (15.4) | 0.279 |
| Previous TIA, n (%) | 36 (13.6) | 27 (10.1) | 0.209 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 152 (57.6) | 150 (56.2) | 0.745 |
| Hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 192 (72.7) | 124 (46.4) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 54 (20.5) | 56 (21.0) | 0.883 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 23 (8.7) | 30 (11.2) | 0.332 |
| USER-P-R score, mean (SD) | 82.5 (19.5) | 82.4 (19.9) | 0.918 |
| CLCE-24 cognition subscore, mean (SD) | 2.3 (2.5) | 2.6 (3.0) | 0.737 |
| CLCE-24 emotion subscore, mean (SD) | 2.2 (2.0) | 2.4 (2.1) | 0.195 |
| HADS-A score, mean (SD) | 5.0 (4.3) | 4.8 (3.9) | 0.978 |
| HADS-D score, mean (SD) | 4.5 (3.9) | 4.0 (3.4) | 0.333 |
| EQ-5D-5L index score, mean (SD) | 0.792 (0.152) | 0.821 (0.151) | 0.033 |
| EQ-VAS score, mean (SD) | 72.7 (16.0) | 74.6 (14.9) | 0.168 |
| PROMIS Global Physical Health score, mean (SD) | 43.3 (6.2) | 43.1 (6.6) | 0.669 |
| PROMIS Global Mental Health score, mean (SD) | 45.5 (8.0) | 45.1 (7.9) | 0.534 |
| GSES score, mean (SD) | 33.4 (5.3) | 32.5 (5.6) | 0.137 |
| MoCA score, mean (SD) | 25.9 (3.1) | NA | NA |
| BMI, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 27.1 (4.8) | 27.2 (4.7) | 0.743 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg, mean (SD) | 147 (22) | 140 (20) | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg, mean (SD) | 83 (14) | 79 (11) | <0.001 |
| Cardiovascular drug use after the index event | |||
| Antiplatelet agents | 232 (87.9) | 222 (83.1) | 0.121 |
| Oral anticoagulants | 33 (12.5) | 50 (18.7) | 0.048 |
| Lipid-lowering agents | 244 (92.4) | 250 (93.6) | 0.584 |
| Antihypertensive agents | 160 (60.6) | 156 (58.4) | 0.609 |
Abbreviations: BMI = body mass index; CLCE-24 = Checklist for Cognitive and Emotional Consequences following Stroke; EVT = endovascular thrombectomy; EQ-5D-5L = 5-level version of the EuroQol 5-dimensional questionnaire; EQ-VAS = EQ Visual Analog Scale; GSES = General Self-Efficacy Scale; HADS-A = Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale—Anxiety subscale; HADS-D = Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale—Depression subscale; IQR = interquartile range; IVT = IV thrombolysis; mRS = modified Rankin Scale; MoCA = Montreal Cognitive Assessment; NA = not applicable; NIHSS = NIH Stroke Scale; PROMIS = Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System; USER-P-R = Restrictions subscale of the Utrecht Scale for Evaluation of Rehabilitation—Participation.