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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Jun 10.
Published in final edited form as: Sci Transl Med. 2025 Apr 30;17(796):eadt9576. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adt9576

Fig. 7. Immunogenicity of mRNA vaccines producing immature or mature SARS-CoV-2 VLPs in mice.

Fig. 7.

(A) Design of the immunization study. Each vaccine arm included eight wild-type BALB/c mice. Mice were immunized with in LNP-formulated mRNA encoding chimeric SARS-CoV-2 Spike-S and SIV mac239 Gag with or without Gag-Pol NF. (B) Schematic time course of immunizations (green arrows) and bleedings (red drops). All the immunizations were performed with the same Spike-S mRNA with or without SIV gag and gag-pol mRNA. (C) Induction of SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer-binding antibodies in the 5 study arms over time, as assessed by ELISA. Data are presented as mean values (±SEM) of endpoint titers for each study arm. Statistical comparisons were made by Kruskal-Wallis test followed by post-hoc Dunn’s correction for multiple comparisons with Arm 1. The asterisks indicate significant p-values: * < 0.05; ** < 0.01.