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. 2025 May 9;11(6):3114–3125. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c01931

2. A Summarization of Recent Methacrylated SF-Based Approaches in Skin Tissue Engineering.

Biomaterials Seeded Cells Fabrication Method Construct Type Results
SF, GMA, methacrylated chitosan Mouse fibroblasts UV photocross-linking Hydrogel Tannic acid-reinforced hydrogels: 5-fold mechanical performance increase; up to 51 kPa adhesiveness; antioxidative properties; antimicrobial properties; promoted wound healing up to day 14 in mice skin defects
SF, GMA, GelMA Human adipose-derived stem cells, platelet-rich plasma UV photocross-linking Hydrogel Increased rheological and mechanical properties (G’ almost 1 order of magnitude higher than G”); cell proliferation and migration up to day 14
SF, GMA Prussian blue nanozymes, VEGF, Polymyxin Differential hydrogel loading into mold Microneedle patch Biocompatibility with internal organs (confirmed with HE staining); drug-sustained release up to 8 days; antioxidant, pro-angiogenesis, antibacterial properties
SF, GMA, Gel-GMA Human keratinocytes, mouse fibroblasts, human umbilical vascular endothelial cells 3D DLP bioprinting Skin model Higher storage modulus of Gel-GMA and elasticity of SF-GMA; higher wound healing rate and cell proliferation at appropriate skin layers up to day 14