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. 2025 Jun 10;22:71. doi: 10.1186/s12966-025-01767-y

Table 3.

Associations between access to time varying cycling infrastructure within distance thresholds and any cycling (N = 776)

Fixed Effects Unadjusted Adjusted
OR 95% CI SD p-value OR 95% CI SD p-value
Time in years 0.95 0.91, 0.99 0.02 0.0213 0.91 0.87, 0.96 0.02 0.0002
High-comfort threshold (< 1790 m) 1.23 0.97, 1.56 0.12 0.0896 1.28 1.00, 1.63 0.12 0.0458
Medium-comfort threshold (< 623 m) 0.78 0.57, 1.07 0.16 0.1248 0.87 0.63, 1.19 0.16 0.3701
Low-comfort threshold (< 321 m) 1.31 0.90, 1.89 0.19 0.1585 1.10 0.75, 1.62 0.20 0.6299
Baseline age 0.96 0.95, 0.97 0.01 0.0000
Men (ref. Women) 1.65 1.21, 2.25 0.16 0.0014
Health Utility Index 2.56 1.05, 6.25 0.46 0.0386
Post-secondary education (ref. < post-secondary) 1.21 0.86, 1.71 0.18 0.2777
Walkability Index 0.98 0.91, 1.04 0.03 0.4712
Immigrant (ref. Non-immigrants) 0.64 0.42, 0.96 0.21 0.0331
Working/in school (ref. Not working/in school) 1.33 0.98, 1.79 0.15 0.0663
Marginalization Index 0.82 0.69, 0.98 0.09 0.0274
Movers (ref. Non-movers) 0.83 0.64, 1.07 0.13 0.1471
Season (ref. Fall season)
Spring season 0.74 0.52, 1.05 0.18 0.0924
Summer season 1.46 1.05, 2.03 0.17 0.0243
Winter season 0.17 0.11, 0.25 0.20 0.0000

Random effects (adjusted model): Random intercept variance = 1.84, random slope variance = 0.05. CI = confidence interval, OR = odds ratio, SD = standard deviation