Table 2.

Summary of redox-active organic species reported in aqueous batteries.

Redox-active organic molecules	Supporting electrolytes	Redox potential	Solubility	Ref.
TEMPO/Phenazine	NaCl	0.6 V vs. Ag/AgCl	NA	[111]
Viologen/TEMPO	NaCl + buffer	0.67 V vs. Ag/AgCl	1 g L−1	[112]
Fe(CN)64−	ZnSO4 + PVA	0.6 V vs. SHE	NA	[113]
(2,7-AQDS)/NaI	NaI + I2 + Na2SO4 catholyte	0.62 V vs. SHE	0.1 M	[114]
K4Fe(CN)64−	KCl catholyte	0.45 V vs. SHE	0.8 M	[115]
NMe–TEMPO	NaCl	0.94 V vs. NHE	0.5 M	[116]
Pyr–TEMPO	ZnCl2 + NH4Cl	0.84 V vs. SHE	0.1 M	[117]
TEMPTMA	NaCl	0.79 V vs. Ag/AgCl	3.2 M	[118]
FcNCl	NaCl	0.61 V vs. NHE	4 M	[119]
(SPr)2V	KCl	–0.43 V vs. NHE	2 M	[120]
DHPS	KOH	–1 V vs. Ag/AgCl	0.1 M	[121]
DHBQ	KOH	–0.7 V vs. SHE	4.3 M	[122]
FQH2/FQ	H2SO4	0.7 V vs. SHE	1.4 M	[123]
THAQ	KOH	− 0.86 V vs. Ag/AgCl	1.88 M	[124]