| 1-CQA | neochlorogenic acid |
| 2-CQA | pseudochlorogenic acid |
| 4CL | 4-coumarate:CoA ligase |
| 4-CQA | cryptochlorogenic acid (4-O-caffeoylquinic acid) |
| 5-CQA | 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid |
| AD | Alzheimer’s disease |
| AKR1B10 | aldehyde ketone reductase family 1 member B10 |
| AMP | Adenosine Monophosphate |
| bHLH | basic helix-loop-helix |
| BIECs-21 | Bovine Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines-21 |
| C3′H | coumarate 3-hydroxylase |
| C4H | cinnamate 4-hydroxylase |
| CAM | 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester |
| CGA | chlorogenic acid |
| CQA | caffeoylquinic acid |
| CSE | caffeoyl shikimate esterase |
| CYP450 | cytochrome P450 enzyme |
| diCQA | di-caffeoylquinic acid |
| ERF | Ethylene-Responsive Factor |
| FQA | feruloylquinic acid |
| GDSL | Glycine-Aspartic acid-Serine-Leucine |
| GLK | GOLDEN2-LIKE |
| GPX | Glutathione Peroxidase |
| GWAS | genome-wide association analysis |
| HCGQT | quinate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase |
| HCT | hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA shikimate/quinate hydroxycinnamoyltransferase |
| HFD | high-fat diet |
| HQT | hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA quinate hydroxycinnamoyl-transferase |
| ICH | intracerebral hemorrhage |
| MAPK | mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| MCQA | 1,5-O-dicaffeoyl-3-O-[4-malic acid methyl ester]-quinic acid |
| MD | malondialdehyde |
| monoCQA | mono-caffeoylquinic acid |
| MYB | Myeloblastosis |
| NAFLD | non-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| NF-κB | nuclear factor κB |
| PAL | phenylalanine ammonia-lyase |
| p-CoQA | p-coumaroylquinic acid |
| p-coumaric acid | trans-4-coumaric acid |
| PD | Parkinson’s disease |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| RvD1 | resolvin D1 |
| SCPL | serine carboxypeptidase-like |
| T2DM | type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| TF | Transcription factor |
| TNF-α | Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha |
| triCQA | tri-caffeoylquinic acid |
| UGCT | cinnamate glucosyl transferase |
| WRKY | WRKY domain-containing protein |