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. 2025 May 28;26(11):5206. doi: 10.3390/ijms26115206
CVD cardiovascular disease
IL-1β interleukin-1β
IL-6 interleukin-6
TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-α
ROS reactive oxygen species
NSAIDs nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
NF-κB nuclear factor-κB
MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase
AD Alzheimer’s disease
PD Parkinson’s disease
CNS central nervous system
SOD superoxide dismutase