| AGEs | Advanced glycation end-products |
| Akt | Protein kinase B |
| AMPK | AMP-activated protein kinase |
| BC | Betweenness centrality |
| BPs | Biological processes |
| CC | Closeness centrality |
| CCs | Cellular components |
| DC | Degree of centrality |
| DM | Diabetes mellitus |
| GLUT4 | Glucose transporter type 4 |
| GO | Gene Ontology |
| GSK-3β | Glycogen synthase kinase-3β |
| KEGG | Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes |
| LC-MS | Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry |
| MCC | Maximal clique centrality |
| MFs | Molecular functions |
| MNC | Maximum neighborhood component |
| PI3K/Akt | Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B |
| PPI | Protein–protein interaction |
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| T2D | Type 2 diabetes |
| UHPLC | Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography |
| UHPLC-QE-MS | Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–Q-Exactive HF mass spectrometry |