AA	arachidonic acid
ALA	alpha-linolenic acid
aMED	alternate Mediterranean diet score
AP-Q	adherence to the healthy food pyramid
BIA	bioelectrical impedance analysis
BF	breastfeeding
BLOOM	breastmilk and the link to overweightness/obesity and maternal diet
BMI	body mass index
C	cholesterol
Ca	calcium
CRP	C-reactive protein
d	days
DASH	dietary approaches to stop hypertension
dBP	diastolic blood pressure
DHA	docosahexaenoic acid
DPA	docosapentaenoic acid
DPPH	2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
DXA	dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry
EBF	exclusive breastfeeding
ELISA	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
EPA	eicosapentaenoic acid
EPDS	Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale
EPIC-ffq	European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Food Frequency Questionnaire
EVOO	extra-virgin olive oil
FA	fatty acid
Fe	iron
FFMI	fat-free mass index
FFQ	food frequency questionnaire
FG	fasting glucose
FM	fat mass
FMI	fat mass index
FRAP	ferric reducing antioxidant power
GC	gas chromatography
GDM	gestational diabetes
GWG	gestational weight gain
Hb1Ac	hemoglobin 1Ac (glycated hemoglobin)
Hbd	gestational weeks
HDL-C	high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
HEI	Healthy Eating Index
HM	human milk
HMOs	human milk oligosaccharides
HOMA-IR	homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance
HPLC	high-performance liquid chromatography
ICP-MS	inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
IL	interleukin
IMI	Italian Mediterranean Index
K	potassium
LA	linoleic acid
LC-MS	liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
LDL-C	low-density lipoprotein
LMD	Lebanese Mediterranean diet
LOT	Life Orientation Test
m	months
MED	Mediterranean diet
MEDAS	Mediterranean Diet adherence screener
Mg	magnesium
MetS	metabolic syndrome
MISC	mother and infant study cohort
MUFA	monounsaturated fatty acids
Na	sodium
NW	normal weight
OA	oleic acid
OW/OB	overweightness/obesity
P	phosphor
PPWR	postpartum weight retention
PSS	Perceived Stress Scale
PUFA	polyunsaturated fatty acids
RCT	randomized controlled trial
sBP	systolic blood pressure
Se	selenium
SFA	saturated fatty acids
TBARS	thiobarbituric acid reactive substances
TG	triglyceride
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor α
UPLC-MS/MS	ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
VA	vitamin A
WC	waist circumference
WHO	World Health Organization
WHtR	waist-to-hip ratio
y	years
Zn	zinc