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. 2025 May 28;20(3):307–317. doi: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.05.002

Table 3.

Post-hoc analysis for measures with significant cleft type ∗ gender interaction (left central incisor).

Mesial enamel thickness Distal enamel thickness Total enamel thickness Total dentine thickness Mesial enamel density Distal enamel density Total enamel density
Male + UCLP 0.78 ± 0.16 a 0.74 ± 0.09 a 1.52 ± 0.18 a 6.33 ± 0.58 a 2596 ± 368 a 2525 ± 229 a 2561 ± 156 a
Female + UCLP 0.74 ± 0.20 ab 0.77 ± 0.15 ab 1.51 ± 0.30 ab 5.96 ± 0.64 ab 2771 ± 397 ab 2767 ± 282 ab 2769 ± 303 ab
Male + BCLP 0.40 ± 0.13 c 0.67 ± 0.21 abc 1.07 ± 0.24 c 6.77 ± 1.11 ac 1694 ± 200 c 2197 ± 307 ac 1945 ± 220 c
Female + BCLP 0.70 ± 0.19 abd 0.77 ± 0.19 abcd 1.47 ± 0.31 abd 5.81 ± 0.37 abd 2593 ± 402 abd 2552 ± 252 abd 2573 ± 175 abd
Male + control 0.92 ± 0.17 abde 1.14 ± 0.18 e 2.06 ± 0.31 e 6.52 ± 0.50 abce 2748 ± 363 abde 2848 ± 193 abde 2798 ± 271 abde
Female + control 0.86 ± 0.22 abdef 0.98 ± 0.23 ef 1.83 ± 0.29 abef 6.50 ± 0.52 abcf 2850 ± 246 abdef 2702 ± 324 abdef 2776 ± 219 abdef

In the post-hoc analysis, each group was given a unique letter label (a–f). Next, when comparing subsequent groups, if the difference in means between the current and previous group was not statistically significant, the letter assigned to the previous group/s was prefixed to the new letter for the current group. However, if the difference was statistically significant, the prefix was disregarded. p-value ≤0.05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference. Enamel thickness, dentine thickness, and mesiodistal width (in mm); and enamel density (HU).