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. 2025 May 28;20(3):307–317. doi: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.05.002

Table 5.

Post-hoc analysis for measures with significant cleft type ∗ gender interaction (right central incisor).

Mesial enamel thickness Total enamel thickness Distal enamel density Total enamel density
Male + UCLP 0.51 ± 0.10 a 1.05 ± 0.24 a 2127 ± 184 a 2279 ± 111 a
Female + UCLP 0.67 ± 0.20 ab 1.45 ± 0.29 ab 2669 ± 338 b 2669 ± 297 b
Male + BCLP 0.48 ± 0.11 abc 1.00 ± 0.37 ac 2128 ± 778 ac 2154 ± 428 ac
Female + BCLP 0.58 ± 0.15 abcd 1.08 ± 0.42 abd 1966 ± 545 acd 2230 ± 428 acd
Male + control 0.87 ± 0.15 be 1.91 ± 0.32 e 2848 ± 280 be 2751 ± 223 be
Female + control 0.82 ± 0.17 bef 1.86 ± 0.39 bef 2924 ± 196 bef 2825 ± 179 bef

In the post-hoc analysis, each group was given a unique letter label (a–f). Next, when comparing subsequent groups, if the difference in means between the current and previous group was not statistically significant, the letter assigned to the previous group was prefixed to the new letter for the current group. However, if the difference was statistically significant, the prefix was disregarded. p-value ≤0.05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference. Enamel thickness, dentine thickness, and mesiodistal width (in mm); and enamel density (HU).