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. 2005 Sep 15;33(16):5243–5249. doi: 10.1093/nar/gki835

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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved

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Consequences of replication fork stalling at secondary structures. (A) Pausing at the replication fork can lead to template switching. Template switching can form a wild-type HIS3 gene. The large loop must be preserved from mismatch repair until the next round of DNA replication, or else be repaired in favor of loop retention, to generate a His⁺ cell. (B). A DSB formed due to nicking of the secondary structure within the triplet repeat sequence may be repaired by an intra-chromosomal single-strand annealing-like event, leading to contraction of the repeat tract. The hatch marks represent the repeated units.