Table 1.

Clinical manifestations and corresponding auricular acupoints selection of different UI types.

Types	Symptoms	Auricular acupoints
Kidney qi deficiency	Fatigue, fear of cold, weakness in Fig. and physique, dizziness and lumbago, loss control of urine, cold limbs, weakness of the lower limbs, pale tongue with white coating, deep and thready pulse	Kidney (CO10), Bladder (CO9), Urethra (HX3), Central Rim (AT2,3,4i)
Lung and spleen qi deficiency	Urine leakage, polyuria or incontinence of urine when coughing or laughing, occasional cramping of the abdomen, pale tongue with white coating, weak pulse	Kidney (CO10), Bladder (CO9), Urethra (HX3), Central Rim (AT2,3,4i), Lung (CO14), Spleen (CO13)
Kidney yin deficiency	Urine leakage when coughing, frequent nocturia, dizziness, soreness and weakness of the waist and knees, dysphoria with feverish sensation in chest, palms, and soles, irritability, red tongue with thin coating, thready and rapid pulse	Kidney (CO10), Bladder (CO9), Urethra (HX3), Central Rim (AT2,3,4i), Subcortex (AT4), Sympathetic Nerve (AH6a), Shenmen (TF4)

UI, urinary incontinence.