Fig. 7.

Therapeutic efficacy of mPEG-CDM-IsEVs in MCAO reperfusion. (a) Representative consecutive coronal brain sections showing infarct areas outlined by white dashed lines in PBS (control), IsEVs, and mPEG-CDM-IsEVs groups. Scale bar: 1 mm. (b) Statistical analysis of infarct volume from (a) (IL: ipsilateral side, CL: contralateral side). (c) Representative fluorescence images of brain sections stained for CD34 (red), EdU (green), and DAPI (blue) to assess endothelial and proliferating cells. Scale bar: 10 μm. (d) Neurological scores evaluated daily for 3 days after treatment with PBS (control), IsEVs, or mPEG-CDM-IsEVs. (e) Behavioral assessments including forelimb grip strength, adhesive touch test, and adhesive removal test performed at baseline (Pre-treatment) and at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days post-treatment. Data are shown as mean ± SD (n = 5). ∗p < 0.05; ∗∗p < 0.01; ∗∗∗p < 0.001; ns, not significant. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)