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. 2025 Jun 14;19:19. doi: 10.1186/s13033-025-00675-9

Table 1.

Sociodemographic description and treatment-related variables of the forensic patients hospitalised in eight hospitals in Czechia (N = 786)

n %
Sex
   Males 705 90
   Females 79 10
   Unknown 2 0
Index Offence1
   Arson 11 1
   Murder/attempted murder 80 10
   Other violent crime 166 21
   Sexual violence against adults 70 9
   Sexual violence or other acts against children 87 11
   Disorderly conduct 221 28
   Criminal activity related to addictive substances 27 3
   Minor offences 148 17
   Unknown 76 8
Index Offence Category1
   Violent crime 246 29
   Sex offence 157 20
   General criminality 398 45
   Unknown 4 0,5
Forensic treatment type 1
   Psychiatric treatment 527 52
   Sex offender treatment 165 13
   Substance use treatment (or “combination” treatment) 94 10
Criminal liability
   Completely diminished 319 41
   Substantially diminished 318 41
   Not substantially diminished 61 8
   Preserved 84 11
   Unknown 4 0,5
Marital status
   Married/within relationship 38 5
   No stable relationship 722 92
   Unknown 26 3
Education
   No education 67 9
   Elementary school (6 – 15 years) (9 years) 344 44
   Vocational school (15 – 18 years) (2-3 years) 269 34
   Upper secondary education (15 – 19 years) (4 years) 80 10
   Higher education (19 +) (3 – 8 years) 25 3
   Unknown 1 0.1
Employment history
   No stable employment before forensic treatment 272 35
Primary employment (≥ 20 hours/week 53 7
   Own-account worker 17 2
   Temporary employment 29 4
   Disability pension 367 47
   Retirement pension 37 5
   Unknown 11 1
Probation or mediation supervision sentence
   Yes 67 9
   No 718 91
Housing (entry to forensic treatment)
   Social housing 21 3
   Own housing/living with relatives 424 54
   Temporary housing 149 19
   Homeless 194 25
Housing (on second data collection)
   Social housing 158 20
   Own housing/living with relatives 338 43
   Temporary housing 66 8
   Homeless 202 26
   Unknown 22 03
What preceded forensic treatment
   Prison 215 27
   Secure detention (high-security facility) 16 2
   Psychiatric hospitalisation in non-forensic bed 89 11
   Community forensic treatment 132 17
   Home 309 39
   Other 25 3
Medication1
   No medication prescribed 47 6
   Antipsychotics/combination of antipsychotics 502 64
   Clozapine prescription 74 9
   Antidepressants 32 4
   Mood stabilisers 17 2
   Antiandrogens 142 18
Restriction of Legal Capacity
   Yes 279 35
   No 468 60
   Being (re)evaluated 37 5
   Unknown 2 0.3
Pathway expected at second data collection
   Exitus 5 0.6
   A sentence of imprisonment or detention is expected or in progress 15 2
   Transfer to another medical facility is expected 17 2
   The prolongation of the inpatient treatment is anticipated 347 44
   Proposal for Security Detention transfer (or in consideration) 15 2
   Proposal for community transfer (or in consideration) 24 3
   Treatment termination proposal 342 44
   Unknown 21 3
Diagnoses due ICD-101
   Physiological Disorders (F0*) 36 5
   Disorders due to Substance use (F1*) 139 18
   Psychotic disorders (F2*) 357 45
   Mood/Affective Disorders (F3*) 5 0,6
   Stress-related Disorders (F4*) 2 0,3
   Behavioral Syndromes (F5*) 2 0,3
   Personality Disorders (F6*) 39 5
   Paraphilia Disorders (F65*) 142 18
   Intellect Disorders (F7*) 57 7
   Developmental Disorders (F8*) 2 0,3
   Behavioural and emotional disorders in childhood (F9*) 0 0
   Unknown 5 0,6
Ward Security Level
   Medium Security 409 52
   Low Security 356 45
   Unknown 21 3
Absconsion (last 6 months)
   No 715 91
   Yes 36 5
   Unknown 21 3
Social Network, n-treatment regular contact with
   Family 494 63
   Friends/acquaintances 57 7
   Spouse/partner 44 6
   No contact 176 22
Use of Restrictive Means (last 6 months)
   No 734 93
   Yes 23 3
   Yes, repeatedly 8 1
   Unknown 21 3
Substance Use (last 6 months)
   No 669 85
   Yes, once 43 5
   Yes, repeatedly 53 7
   Unknown 21 03

Frequencies (%) of values on entry/exiting. Data from two participants were lost regarding sex. 1In Czechia, forensic treatment is traditionally ordered as “psychiatric”, “sex-offender”, or “substance use”. 2For index offence categories, see Additional file 3