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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Jun 15.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2025 Jan 17;328(3):R235–R241. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00262.2024

Table 1:

Baseline characteristics

PTSD− (n=47) PTSD+ (n=45)
Mean ± SD Min-Max Mean ± SD Min-Max T-test
p-value
Age (years) 25 ± 6 18 – 40 29 ± 8 19 – 49 0.002
BMI (kg/m2) 24 ± 4 17 – 35 29± 6 13 – 47 <0.001
SBP (mmHg) 105 ± 9 89 – 127 108 ± 11 88 - 137 0.116
DBP (mmHg) 66 ± 8 48 - 80 71 ± 9 52 – 90 0.005
Pulse Pressure (mmHg) 39 ± 7 28 – 58 37 ± 7 23 – 58 0.170
Heart Rate (beats/min) 74 ± 10 52 – 95 74± 14 55 – 120 0.091
PWV (m/s) 5.3 ± 0.6 4.2 – 6.6 6.1 ± 0.8 4.3 –7.7 <0.001
* E2 (pg/mL, log10) 1.6 ± 0.4 .9 – 2.7 1.4 ± 0.4 0.4 – 2.5 0.022
PCL5 (a.u.) 27 ± 15 2 – 62 41 ± 17 3 – 38 <0.001
Frequency Frequency Chi-square
p-value
PTSD Severity Category
Borderline 32 14 0.001
Mild 10 12
Moderate 4 13
Severe 1 6
Contraceptives
Yes 20 26 0.175
No 27 19
* Menstrual Cycle Phase
Follicular 15 22 0.204
Luteal 18 15

BMI, Body Mass Index; DBP, Average Diastolic Blood Pressure; SBP, Average Systolic Blood Pressure; PWV= Pulse Wave Velocity; E2, Estradiol. PCL5, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist for DSM5. Borderline=None or probable PTSD. *Sample size for E2 and Menstrual Cycle Phase: PTSD−, n= 33; PTSD+, n= 37.