Table 6.
Mean differences in dietary and other variables across the fruit intake categories.
| Outcome variable | Fruit Intake (percent of energy intake from fruit) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| None (n = 456) | Low (n = 623) | Moderate/High (n = 628) | ||||||
| Mean | ± SE | Mean | ± SE | Mean | ± SE | F | p | |
| Diet | ||||||||
| Fat intake (g/1000 kcal) | 38.7a | 0.44 | 37.9a | 0.28 | 36.0b | 0.32 | 19.6 | <0.0001 |
| Saturated fat (g/1000 kcal) | 13.4a | 0.22 | 13.4a | 0.19 | 12.6b | 0.22 | 8.2 | 0.0009 |
| Protein intake (g/1000 kcal) | 36.6 | 0.57 | 37.1 | 0.55 | 37.0 | 0.44 | 0.3 | 0.7331 |
| Carb. intake (g/1000 kcal) | 128.5a | 1.04 | 130.1a | 0.89 | 135.9b | 0.75 | 27.3 | <0.0001 |
| Sugar intake (g/1000 kcal) | 56.3a | 1.04 | 56.9a | 0.79 | 63.0b | 0.79 | 18.6 | <0.0001 |
| Fiber intake (g/1000 kcal) | 6.7a | 0.14 | 7.7b | 0.12 | 9.1c | 0.17 | 62.8 | <0.0001 |
| Other variables | ||||||||
| Age (years) | 9.5 | 0.06 | 9.5 | 0.07 | 9.5 | 0.07 | 0.1 | 0.9454 |
| Computer use (hrs per day) | 1.4 | 0.09 | 1.2 | 0.09 | 1.2 | 0.07 | 0.7 | 0.5085 |
| Physical activity (days/wk) | 5.6 | 0.15 | 5.8 | 0.11 | 5.5 | 0.10 | 1.7 | 0.1928 |
| Household size | 4.9 | 0.09 | 4.9 | 0.07 | 4.7 | 0.07 | 1.8 | 0.1710 |
Carb., carbohydrate. There were 47 degrees of freedom in the denominator of each model. Fruit intake was indexed as the percentage of total energy derived from all fruits consumed, not including fruit juices. Means on the same row with the same superscript letter were not significantly different. For each relationship, statistical adjustments were made for differences in the demographic covariates: age, sex, race, family size, and year of assessment, except when the covariate was studied as the outcome variable (age and household size). For example, when age was the outcome variable, age was not used as a covariate.