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. 2025 Jun 4;12:1586530. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1586530

TABLE 6.

Associations between total dietary sugar, total fat, calcium intake and type of sleep disorder.

Exposure Types of sleep disorders Model 1 [OR (95% CI)] P-value Model 2 [OR (95% CI)] P-value Model 3 [OR (95% CI)] P-value
Total sugars/100 OSA (N = 266) 1.26 (1.04, 1.52) 0.0185* 1.11 (0.91, 1.36) 0.2975 1.23 (1.00, 1.52) 0.0532
Insomnia (N = 86) 1.06 (0.75, 1.50) 0.7489 1.09 (0.76, 1.55) 0.6497 1.30 (0.92, 1.84) 0.1408
RLS (N = 21) 1.00 (0.49, 2.06) 0.9910 1.02 (0.49, 2.13) 0.9483 0.99 (0.49, 2.02) 0.9872
Other (N = 50) 1.73 (1.23, 2.43) 0.0016 ** 1.63 (1.14, 2.33) 0.0072 ** 1.75 (1.24, 2.48) 0.0016 **
Total fat/100 OSA (N = 266) 2.17 (1.59, 2.94) < 0.0001*** 1.67 (1.19, 2.35) 0.0028** 1.35 (0.93, 1.95) 0.1174
Insomnia (N = 86) 0.38 (0.19, 0.77) 0.0075** 0.48 (0.23, 1.01) 0.0540 0.85 (0.41, 1.74) 0.6579
RLS (N = 21) 1.21 (0.39, 3.78) 0.7463 1.47 (0.43, 5.06) 0.5414 1.27 (0.34, 4.72) 0.7233
Other (N = 50) 1.58 (0.78, 3.20) 0.1996 1.44 (0.67, 3.10) 0.3482 1.95 (0.93, 4.08) 0.0765
Calcium/100 OSA (N = 266) 1.04 (1.01, 1.06) 0.0048** 1.02 (0.99, 1.05) 0.1132 1.01 (0.98, 1.04) 0.3792
Insomnia (N = 86) 0.96 (0.91, 1.01) 0.1214 0.97 (0.91, 1.02) 0.2165 1.00 (0.95, 1.06) 0.9700
RLS (N = 21) 1.09 (1.02, 1.17) 0.0108 * 1.11 (1.03, 1.19) 0.0057 ** 1.11 (1.03, 1.20) 0.0042 **
Other (N = 50) 1.03 (0.97, 1.09) 0.3815 1.01 (0.95, 1.07) 0.7770 1.03 (0.97, 1.09) 0.3714

Model 1, no covariates were adjusted; Model 2, age, gender, and race were adjusted; Model 3, gender; age; race; Education level; Marital status; PIR; BMI; Total cholesterol.; Alcohol consumption; smoking; Diabetes; Coronary heart disease and stroke were adjusted. OSA, obstructive sleep apnea; RLS, restless legs syndrome.95% CI, 95% confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001; ap < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Significant values are in bold.