Table 3.
Application related forms of ICD.
| Genes/axes/ compounds/drugs |
Mechanism | Related genes/pathways | Cite |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wogonin | Induce ROS to trigger ERS, and then induce ICD. | PRK/PEKR/eIF2α | Xie Y et al. (11) |
| Oleanolide | Blocking Na+/Ca2+ exchange can trigger ERS, promote the production of ROS, and then induce ICD. | PERK/eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP | Tang Z-Y, et al. (249) |
| resveratrol | Promote apoptosis and autophagy, thus inducing ICD. | NGFR/AMPK/mTOR | Farras M et al. (76) |
| Cinobufagin | Inducing ICD | Upstream STAT pathway | Liang D et al. (12) |
| alkannin | Activate receptor and mitochondrial mediated apoptosis pathway, thus triggering ICD. | Regulating aspartate aminotransferase (GOT) to mediate ferritin phagocytosis; Stimulate RIPK1 and RIPK3-dependent necrosis and up-regulate DAMPs; ROS accumulation, NF-κB pathway activation |
Tang D et al. (14) Zhang W et al. (15) |
| Adriamycin, daunorubicin | Directly inhibit the synthesis of DNA and RNA, kill tumor cells, and induce ICD in tumor cells. | Tumor cells release DAMPs | Lei G et al. (5) |
| Oxaliplatin | The formation of DNA adducts induces apoptosis of tumor cells and triggers ICD. | Tumor cells release DAMPs | Xie Y et al. (11) Tang Z-Y et al. (249) |
| Chemotherapeutic drugs such as cyclophosphamide and paclitaxel. | Inducing ICD can improve the anti-tumor effect and promote the apoptosis of tumor cells. | DAMPs, PGE₂, STAT3 | Zhao Y et al. (28) |
| PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor | Relieve immunosuppression and improve the body’s ability to recognize and remove antigens produced by ICD. | Suppression immune checkpoint | Farras M et al. (76) |
| Drugs for relieving tumor hypoxia microenvironment | Improve the tumor hypoxia microenvironment and promote the normal running of immune cell function | The anaerobic respiration of tumor cells increases and lactic acid accumulates, which damages the function of immune cells; Tumor neovascularization enhances the invasion of tumor cells | Song L et al. (250) |
| 4- phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) | Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress response, thereby inhibiting ICD induced by ERS | ROS-based endoplasmic reticulum stress-related pathway | Rellmann Y et al. (251) |
| adenosine | Inhibit the function of various anti-tumor immune cells and enhance the activity of immunosuppressed cells. | Adenosine -A2AR | Bao W D et al. (17), Song L et al. (250) |
The purpose of using bold numerical values: References for ICD-related mechanisms and pathways.