Skip to main content
. 2025 May 12;91(6):e00648-25. doi: 10.1128/aem.00648-25

Fig 4.

Box plots show Chao1 and Shannon indices across groups at 4 and 7 dpi. MDS plots depict microbial clustering by group and time. Phylogenetic trees show taxa shifts between NI and IN PBS. Bar graph plots 25 genera correlated with lung viral load.

Microbiota analysis using 16S sequencing. (A) Alpha diversity using Chao and Shannon indexes; (B) beta diversity using Bray-Curtis distances; (C) heat tree analysis representing the taxonomic differences between the NI-PBS and IN-PBS microbial communities at 4 and 7 dpi (highlighted by the Wilcoxon rank-sum test); and (D) top 25 genera correlated with viral copies in the lung assessed using Spearman rank correlation. Light color non-significant, medium color significant (P < 0.05), dark color remains significant following FDR correction.