Table 2.
Toxicity level of filters, EDC, EDCP, masks, gloves, Coriolis and settled dust in SK and A549 cells.
| SK | A549 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High | Moderate | Low | (−) | High | Moderate | Low | (−) | |
| Warm season | ||||||||
| Filters (N = 16) | 0 | 0 | 4 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 8 |
| EDC (N = 16) | 0 | 0 | 5 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 7 |
| EDCP (N = 9) | 0 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 4 |
| Gloves (N = 1)* | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Coriolis (N = 19)* | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 |
| Settled dust (N = 16) | 3 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 10 | 0 | 0 |
| 3 (3.9%) |
14 (18.1%) |
12 (15.6%) |
48 (62.3%) |
6 (7.8%) |
12 (15.6%) |
21 (27.3%) |
38 (49.4%) |
|
| Cold season | ||||||||
| Filters (N = 16) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 2 |
| EDC (N = 16) | 0 | 0 | 5 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 5 |
| EDCP (N = 8) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 1 |
| Settled dust (N = 13) | 0 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 5 | 0 |
| 0 (0%) |
7 (13.2%) |
11 (20.8%) |
35 (66.0%) |
5 (9.4%) |
12 (22.6%) |
28 (52.8%) |
8 (15.1%) |
|
Semi-quantitative scale for cytotoxicity grading was adopted: low cytotoxicity (+) with IC50 values ranging from 31.251 cm2/ml to 7.813 cm2/ml; medium cytotoxicity (++) with IC50 values ranging from 3.906 cm2/ml to 0.977 cm2/ml; high cytotoxicity (+++) with IC50 values ranging from 0.488 cm2/ml to 0.061 cm2/ml. The absence of cytotoxicity was considered when the extract concentration at 31.251 cm2/ml failed to inhibit the growth of the swine kidney and A549 cells. A549, human alveolar epithelial cells; SK, swine kidney cells; EDC, Electrostatic dust collector; High, IC50 ≥ 3rd dilution; Moderate, IC50 at 2nd dilution; Low, IC50 at 1st dilution; (−), no cytotoxicity. * Only sampled in the warm season.