TABLE 5.
Nutrients significantly associated with time to cirrhosis in the validation cohort
| Univariable | Adjusteda | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | HR (95% CI) | p | HR (95% CI) | p | C | p Benjamini–Hochberg |
| Diabetes present | 2.27 (1.95–2.64) | <0.0001 | 1.67 (1.41–1.97) | <0.0001 | 0.751 | |
| Sodium | 1.17 (1.09–1.25) | 0.0000 | 1.13 (1.05–1.21) | 0.001 | 0.739 | 0.01 |
| Total unsaturated+saturated+conjugated linoleic fatty acids | 1.16 (1.09–1.24) | 0.0000 | 1.14 (1.06–1.22) | 0.000 | 0.738 | 0.005 |
| Secoisolariciresinol | 0.85 (0.78–0.92) | 0.0001 | 0.86 (0.79–0.93) | 0.000 | 0.738 | 0.005 |
| Caffeine | 0.84 (0.77–0.92) | 0.0001 | 0.85 (0.78–0.93) | 0.000 | 0.738 | 0.005 |
| Iron (non-heme) | 1.12 (1.06–1.19) | 0.0001 | 1.11 (1.04–1.17) | 0.001 | 0.740 | 0.011 |
| Cholesterol | 1.11 (1.04–1.18) | 0.002 | 1.05 (0.98–1.12) | 0.20 | 0.737 | 0.45 |
| Manganese | 0.91 (0.84–0.98) | 0.017 | 0.92 (0.85–0.99) | 0.036 | 0.738 | 0.26 |
| Betaine | 0.91 (0.84–0.99) | 0.021 | 0.94 (0.86–1.02) | 0.12 | 0.736 | 0.35 |
| Total cis-monounsaturated fatty acids | 1.08 (1.01–1.16) | 0.032 | 1.03 (0.95–1.11) | 0.45 | 0.737 | 0.70 |
| Aspartame | 1.07 (1.00–1.14) | 0.043 | 1.03 (0.96–1.11) | 0.38 | 0.737 | 0.66 |
| Phosphorus | 1.07 (1.00–1.15) | 0.061 | 1.03 (0.96–1.11) | 0.44 | 0.736 | 0.70 |
| Alcohol | 0.92 (0.85–1.01) | 0.076 | 0.93 (0.86–1.01) | 0.08 | 0.737 | 0.34 |
| Total flavols | 0.93 (0.86–1.01) | 0.086 | 0.93 (0.86–1.02) | 0.11 | 0.737 | 0.34 |
| Nitrate+vitamin K | 0.93 (0.85–1.01) | 0.088 | 0.94 (0.87–1.03) | 0.19 | 0.737 | 0.44 |
| Bergapten/furocoumarin | 1.04 (0.97–1.11) | 0.296 | 1.08 (1.01–1.16) | 0.033 | 0.736 | 0.26 |
| AOAC fiber+phytosterols | 0.94 (0.87–1.01) | 0.098 | 0.93 (0.86–1.00) | 0.051 | 0.737 | 0.30 |
Note: Variables suggested by Elastic Net that did not validate include retinal activity equivalents, sucrose, gluten, total theaflavin and polymers proanthocyanidins, coumestrol, beta cryptoxanthin, fructose+glucose, total amino acids, betaine+choline, copper, zinc, beta carotene, starch, lycopene, iron (heme), potassium, lactose, vitamin C, alpha carotene, magnesium, total tocopherols, total B vitamins, matairesinol, total anthocyanidins, vitamin D, vitamin E, total cis-polyunsaturated fatty acids, total flavanone, total isoflavones, calcium, acrylamide, total flavones, and maltose.
Bold value are statistically significant P < 0.05.
Model adjusted for race/ethnicity, BMI class, number of metabolic syndrome risk factors, diabetes mellitus, AUDIT-C baseline, total bilirubin, AST, ALP, and baseline FIB-4.
Abbreviations: AUDIT-C, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test; BMI, body mass index.