Table 3.
Mixed effects models to investigate the association between selected predictors and HS-CRP and the maternal cytokine index.
| Predictors | HS-CRP (n=10,157) | Maternal cytokine index+ (n=10,157) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | 95% CI | P-value | Corrected P-value* | β | 95% CI | P-value | Corrected P-value* | |
| Maternal age | 0.00 | 0.00 – 0.01 | 0.371 | 0.470 | -0.01 | -0.02 – -0.01 | <0.001 | 0.005 |
| Dutch national background | 0.00 | -0.06 – 0.06 | 0.945 | 0.945 | 0.08 | 0.02 – 0.14 | 0.006 | 0.014 |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI | 0.09 | 0.08 – 0.09 | <0.001 | 0.003 | -0.01 | -0.02 – 0.00 | 0.003 | 0.010 |
| PGS CRP (all ancestry) | 0.45 | 0.43 – 0.48 | <0.001 | 0.003 | -0.01 | -0.03 – 0.02 | 0.477 | 0.604 |
| PGS CRP (European ancestry)** | 0.47 | 0.44 – 0.50 | <0.001 | 0.004 | 0.00 | -0.03 – 0.03 | 0.840 | 0.887 |
| High income | -0.12 | -0.18 – -0.05 | <0.001 | 0.003 | 0.03 | -0.03 – 0.10 | 0.284 | 0.450 |
| Multiparity | 0.24 | 0.18 – 0.29 | <0.001 | 0.003 | -0.01 | -0.06 – 0.04 | 0.681 | 0.719 |
| Maternal Psychopathology | 0.01 | -0.06 – 0.09 | 0.772 | 0.815 | -0.01 | -0.08 – 0.06 | 0.835 | 0.835 |
| Maternal tobacco use*** Pre-pregnancy |
-0.02 | -0.11 – 0.08 | 0.736 | 0.815 | -0.14 | -0.23 – -0.05 | 0.002 | 0.008 |
| Maternal tobacco use *** During pregnancy |
0.05 | -0.02 – 0.12 | 0.198 | 0.289 | -0.19 | -0.26 – -0.12 | <0.001 | 0.005 |
| Maternal alcohol use*** Pre-pregnancy |
-0.08 | -0.16 – 0.01 | 0.072 | 0.124 | 0.03 | -0.05 – 0.11 | 0.470 | 0.604 |
| Maternal alcohol use*** Occasionally during pregnancy |
-0.11 | -0.18 – -0.05 | 0.001 | 0.003 | 0.07 | 0.01 – 0.14 | 0.019 | 0.040 |
| Maternal alcohol use*** Frequently during pregnancy |
-0.21 | -0.32 – -0.11 | <0.001 | 0.003 | 0.03 | -0.07 – 0.13 | 0.560 | 0.665 |
| Substance use during pregnancy | -0.13 | -0.24 – -0.02 | 0.018 | 0.034 | 0.05 | -0.06 – 0.15 | 0.381 | 0.557 |
| Female fetus pregnancy | -0.03 | -0.08 – 0.02 | 0.264 | 0.358 | -0.01 | -0.06 – 0.04 | 0.611 | 0.683 |
| Twin pregnancy | -0.08 | -0.34 – 0.19 | 0.571 | 0.678 | 0.25 | 0.00 – 0.49 | 0.050 | 0.088 |
| Season Sample | 0.03 | 0.01 – 0.05 | 0.004 | 0.010 | -0.02 | -0.03 – -0.01 | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Infection score** | 0.04 | 0.02 – 0.06 | <0.001 | 0.003 | 0.02 | 0.00 – 0.03 | 0.006 | 0.014 |
| Gestational age of the sample | -0.01 | -0.01 – 0.00 | 0.010 | 0.021 | -0.01 | -0.02 – -0.01 | <0.001 | 0.005 |
| Cytokine batch | 0.00 | 0.00 – 0.00 | 0.196 | 0.289 | 0.00 | 0.00 – 0.00 | 0.051 | 0.088 |
| Marginal R2 / Conditional R2 | 0.255 / 0.673 | 0.017/0.895 | ||||||
Analyses were performed among participants with an available polygenic score of CRP (n=5,938) and include n=10,157 samples.
+ Maternal cytokine index was scaled.
*p-value after Benjamini-Hochberg correction.
**Interpreted in separate model.
*** Reference group: Never smoked during pregnancy/Never drank during pregnancy.
Bold values indicate statistical significance (p<0.05).