Table 2.

Unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for first falls

Residents’ characteristics	Unadjusted HR [95% CI]	Adjusted HR [95% CI]
Age class
65–74	Reference	Reference
75–84	1.06 [0.77–1.46]	1.20 [0.87–1.66]
85+	1.09 [0.80–1.48]	1.39 [1.02–1.90]
Sex
Females	Reference	Reference
Males	1.44 [1.24–1.66]	1.47 [1.27–1.71]
Length of stay
0–2 years	Reference	Reference
> 2 years	0.96 [0.78–1.17]	1.09 [0.88–1.34]
T-POMA score *
25+	Reference	Reference
19–24	1.78 [1.49–2.13]	1.63 [1.30–2.05]
≤18	2.24 [1.90–2.66]	2.13 [1.61–2.81]
Physical restraint
No / Sporadic	Reference	Reference
Frequent / Daily	0.52 [0.45–0.61]	0.70 [0.58–0.86]
General health conditions
Good / Discrete	Reference	Reference
Poor	0.51 [0.43–0.61]	0.63 [0.52–0.77]
Visual impairment
No / Mild	Reference	Reference
Moderate / Severe	0.74 [0.56–0.96]	0.81 [0.61–1.07]
Hearing impairment
No / Mild	Reference	Reference
Moderate / Severe	1.09 [0.88–1.35]	1.26 [1.01–1.58]
Cognitive impairment (MMSE)
18+ (No / Mild)	Reference	Reference
< 18 (Moderate / Severe)	0.93 [0.81–1.07]	1.30 [1.10–1.53]
Functional assessment (Barthel index)
75+ (Autonomous / Mild Dependence)	Reference	Reference
< 75 (Moderate / Severe Dependence)	0.58 [0.47–0.70]	1.05 [0.82–1.34]
Mood and behaviour disorders
No / Mild	Reference	Reference
Moderate / Severe	1.23 [1.05–1.43]	1.29 [1.09–1.54]
Comorbidities influencing the risk of falls
No / Not Relevant	Reference	Reference
Relevant	0.86 [0.73–1.01]	1.16 [0.96–1.40]
Therapies influencing the risk of falls
No / Mild Risk	Reference	Reference
Moderate / Severe Risk	1.11 [0.96–1.28]	1.29 [1.09–1.52]
Previous falls within the last 180 days
No	Reference	Reference
1+	1.07 [0.87–1.31]	1.18 [0.96–1.44]

Abbreviations: T-POMA, Tinetti Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination