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. 2025 Jun 23;15:20258. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-06648-9

Table 6.

Computational efficiency results of the AI-GPSed optimizer compared to the four traditional methods over 50 runs.

Load (MW) Losses ANN-GA GA ANN-PSO PSO ANN-TLBO TLBO ANN-AGTO AGTO
700 Without 1.40 1.77 1.39 1.56 1.49 1.45 1.53 1.55
700 With 1.59 2.23 1.78 1.88 2.30 2.20 2.18 2.07
1000 Without 1.38 1.69 1.49 1.51 1.51 1.46 1.54 1.51
1000 With 1.88 2.07 1.93 1.97 2.13 2.18 2.45 2.20