Table 2.
Review of case reports and case series reporting children with consumptive hypothyroidism due to infantile hepatic hemangioma (2000–2023)
| CASE N. | AUTHOR, YEAR | Sex | Age at diagnosis (months) | Outco me | TSH at diagnos is (microU/mL, n.v. 0,25 − 5) | fT4 at diagnosis (pg/ml, n.v. 5,5–15) | IHH Therapy | LT4 therapy | LT4 max dosage (mcg/kg/ die) * | Liothyron ine therapy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Huang, 2000 [11] | M | 1.5 | Dead | 177 | 25 | St–Int-Sur | Yes | 7.6 | Yes |
| 2 | Mason, 2001 [23] | M | 1.75 | Alive | 203 | 4.6 | St-Int-Sur | Yes | 7 | Yes |
| 3 | Ayling, 2001 [24] | F | 2 | Dead | 103 | 13.2 | Tr | Yes | ° | No |
| 4 | Ayling, 2001 [24] | M | 0.3 | Alive | 35 | 3.9 | Tr | Yes | ° | No |
| 5 | Ayling, 2001 [24] | M | 1.25 | Alive | 200 | 20.1 | Sur | Yes | ° | No |
| 6 | Ayling, 2001 [24] | F | 4 | Alive | 475 | 3.9 | Sur | Yes | ° | No |
| 7 | Ayling, 2001 [24] | F | 4 | Alive | 16 | 9.3 | Sur | ° | ° | ° |
| 8 | Ayling, 2001 [24] | F | 4 | Alive | ° | 21.7 | Sur | ° | ° | ° |
| 9 | Ayling, 2001 [24] | M | 5 | Alive | 40 | ° | Sur | ° | ° | ° |
| 10 | Ayling, 2001 [24] | M | 0.5 | Dead | ° | 38 | Sur | ° | ° | ° |
| 11 | Konrad, 2003 [25] | M | 2 | Alive | 100 | 3.9 | Pr | Yes | 28 | No |
| 12 | Güven, 2005 [26] | F | 0 | Alive | 100 | ° | St | Yes | 19.8 | Yes |
| 13 | Ho, 2005 [27] | F | 2.5 | Alive | 90 | 16.7 | St | Yes | ° | Yes |
| 14 | Lee, 2006 [28] | F | 1.5 | Alive | 182 | 0.8 | St-Vin-Int- Cyc-Tr | Yes | 15 | No |
| 15 | Balazs, 2007 [29] | F | 1.5 | Alive | 182 | 8 | St–Int–Tr | Yes | 75 | Yes |
| 16 | Kalpatthi, 2007 [30] | M | 4 | Alive | 53.3 | 13 | St | Yes | ° | No |
| 17 | Cho, 2008 [31] | M | 7 | Alive | 18.98 | 16.3 | St–Vin | Yes | 5.4 | No |
| 18 | Mouat, 2008 [32] | F | 0.75 | Alive | 17 | 16.5 | St | Yes | 25 | No |
| 19 | Çetinkaya, 2010 [33] | M | 0 | Alive | 150 | 24.1 | St – Int | Yes | 22 | Yes |
| 20 | Peters, 2010 [34] | M | 1 | Alive | 66.2 | 13.1 | St – Vin | Yes | 20 | Yes |
| 21 | Bessho, 2010 [35] | F | 0 | Alive | 45.2 | 18 | St – Int – Sur | Yes | 7.5 | No |
| 22 | Mazereeuw-Hautier, 2010 [15] | ° | ° | Alive | ° | ° | Pr | ° | ° | No |
| 23 | Mazereeuw-Hautier, 2010 [15] | ° | ° | Alive | ° | ° |
Pr – St– Vin |
° | ° | No |
| 24 | Mazereeuw-Hautier, 2010 [15] | ° | ° | Alive | ° | ° | Pr – St | ° | ° | No |
| 25 | Marsciani, 2010 [16] | F | 2 | Alive | 33.8 | 17.5 |
Pr – St– Vin - Cyc |
Yes | 1 | No |
| 26 | Jassam, 2011 [36] | M | 2 | Dead | 138 | 12.9 |
St – Int– Sur |
Yes | 10 | No |
| 27 | Yeh, 2011 [37] | F | 1.5 | Alive | 68 | ° | St – Vin | Yes | ° | Yes |
| 28 | Yeh, 2011 [37] | M | 1 | Alive | 19.8 | 24 | St – Vin | No | - | No |
| 29 | Yeh, 2011 [37] | M | 1 | Alive | 31.4 | ° | Pr – St | Yes | ° | No |
| 30 | Yeh, 2011 [37] | F | 0.5 | Alive | 55.8 | ° |
Pr – St– Vin |
Yes | ° | Yes |
| 31 | Imteyaz, 2011 [38] | F | 4 | Alive | 14.2 | 27 | St | Yes | ° | Yes |
| 32 | Mhanna, 2011 [39] | F | 1.5 | Alive | 9.47 | 12.2 | Pr | Yes | ° | No |
| 33 | Mhanna, 2011 [39] | M | 3 | Alive | ° | in range | Pr | Yes | ° | No |
| 34 | Vergine, 2012 [17] | F | 2 | Alive | 40 | 18.5 |
Pr – St– Vin |
Yes | 2 | No |
| 35 | Avagyan, 2013 [40] | F | 0.5 | Alive | 65.1 | in range | Pr | Yes | 30 | No |
| 36 | Wijeratne, 2014 [41] | M | 1.5 | Alive | 37.7 | 13.9 | Pr – St | Yes | 16 | No |
| 37 | Sun, 2014 [42] | F | 0.5 | Dead | ° | ° | St | Yes | ° | No |
| 38 | Wasserman, 2015 [43] | F | 2 | Alive | 123 | 7.2 |
Pr – St– Vin |
Yes | 21 | Yes |
| 39 | Emir, 2016 [44] | F | 0.5 | Dead | 74.2 | 13 | Pr – St | Yes | 18.5 | No |
| 40 | Özdemir, 2017 [45] | M | 4 | Alive | 177 | 10.7 | Pr – St | Yes | ° | No |
| 41 | Takai, 2017 [46] | M | 0.25 | Alive | 54.7 | 10.7 | Pr – St | Yes | ° | No |
| 42 | Weber Pasa, 2017 [47] | F | 0 | Alive | 24 | 4.6 | Vin | Yes | 110 | Yes |
| 43 | Al Tasseh, 2017 [48] | M | 3.5 | Alive | 220 | 11.6 | Pr | Yes | 25 | No |
| 44 | Nguyen, 2017 [49] | M | 2 | Alive | 54 | ° | Pr | No | - | No |
| 45 | Higuchi, 2017 [50] | M | 2 | Alive | 17.7 | 14.8 | Pr | No | - | Yes |
| 46 | Campbell, 2018 [51] | F | 0.5 | Alive | 115.4 | 5.5 | Pr | Yes | 9.6 | No |
| 47 | Simsek, 2018 [52] | M | 4 | Alive | 177 | 12.3 | Pr – St | Yes | 35 | No |
| 48 | Igarashi, 2018 [53] | M | 0 | Alive | 153 | 8.8 | Pr | Yes | 12.5 | No |
| 49 | Al-Ghamdi, 2018 [54] | M | 2 | Alive | 281 | 8 | Pr | Yes | 9.6 | No |
| 50 | Acharya, 2019 [55] | F | 0.5 | Alive | 100 | 9 | Pr – St | Yes | 25 | No |
| 51 | Osada 2019 [56] | M | 4 | Alive | 561 | 11 | Pr | Yes | 13 | Yes |
| 52 | Yang, 2019 [57] | F | 26 | Dead | ° | ° |
Pr - St– Vin |
Yes | ° | No |
| 53 | Yang, 2019 [57] | F | 1.5 | Alive | ° | ° | Pr | Yes | ° | No |
| 54 | Yang, 2019 [57] | F | 1.8 | Alive | ° | ° | Pr | Yes | ° | No |
| 55 | Kim, 2020 [58] | M | 1 | Alive | 100 | 5.9 | Pr – St | Yes | 7 | No |
| 56 | Joshi, 2020 [59] | F | 3 | Alive | 75 | 11.3 |
Pr – St– Int |
Yes | 33 | Yes |
| 57 | Verma, 2020 [60] | F | 4 | Alive | 17.5 | ° | Pr | Yes | 9.1 | No |
| 58 | Zheng, 2021 [61] | F | 2 | Alive | 150 | 9.4 | Pr | Yes | 20 | No |
| 59 | Siano, 2022 [20] | F | 3 | Alive | 58.7 | ° | Pr | Yes | 10 | No |
| 60 | Siano, 2022 [20] | M | 1 | Alive | 36.7 | ° | Pr | Yes | 12 | No |
| 61 | Siano, 2022 [20] | M | 6 | Alive | 60.7 | ° | Pr - Sur | Yes | 15 | No |
| 62 | Numazawa, 2022 [62] | M | 1 | Alive | 63.9 | 13.2 | Pr - St | Yes | 7.5 | Yes |
| 63 | Morais, 2023 [63] | F | 3 | Alive | 27.1 | 13.1 | Pr | Yes | ° | No |
| 64 | Our case | M | 1.5 | Alive | 33.5 | 16.8 | Pr | No | - | No |
Abbreviations: F, female; M, male; n.v., normal value; Pr, propranolol; St, steroid, Vin, vincristine; Inf, interferon; Cyt, Cytoxan; Cyc – Cyclophosphamide; Sur, surgical treatment; Tr, transplantation; °, missing data
* Dosage is expressed in microg/kg/d when the pro kilo dosage was published or when the daily dose and the patient weight were published