TABLE 3.
Syphilis Screening for 18- to 49-Year-Old Pregnant Women in Commercial Insurance Claims Data With State Laws During the Third Trimester and Any Time According to Age, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Service Region, Employee Classification, and Type of Health Care Insurance, 2022 MarketScan Data
| 3rd Trimester | Any Screening During Pregnancy | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | No. Pregnant Women Residing in State With Screening Law* | No. Screened According to Law† | Odds Ratio (95% CI)‡ | No. Pregnant Women Residing in State With Screening Law§ | No. Screened According to law¶ | ||
| N (Col %) | N (%) | n (%) | N (Row %) | n (Row%) | Odds Ratio (95% CI)‡ | ||
| Total∥ | 170,005 (100) | 95,077 (55.93) | 69,063 (72.64) | 1.02 (0.99–1.04) | 144,731 (95.06) | 116,101 (80.2) | 1.1 (1.1–1.2) |
| Age category, y | |||||||
| 18–24 | 19,684 (11.58) | 11,517 (64.50) | 8,108 (70.40) | 0.82 (0.67–0.99) | 17,032 (95.39) | 13,182 (77.40) | 0.81 (0.65–1.00) |
| 25–34 | 106,496 (62.64) | 58,886 (62.25) | 42,864 (72.79) | 0.90 (0.74–1.09) | 89,718 (94.84) | 72,365 (80.66) | 0.98 (0.79–1.21) |
| 35–44 | 43,211 (25.42) | 24,337 (62.01) | 17,838 (73.30) | 0.93 (0.76–1.13) | 37,450 (95.42) | 30,126 (80.44) | 0.96 (0.78–1.19) |
| 45–49 | 614 (0.36) | 337 (60.72) | 253 (75.07) | Reference | 531 (95.68) | 428 (80.60) | Reference |
| Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services regions** | |||||||
| 1 (Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, 7,545 (4.44) New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont) | 2,553 (33.84) | 1,912 (74.89) | 1.19 (1.12–1.26) | 6,623 (87.78) | 5,464 (82.50) | 1.26 (1.19–1.35) | |
| 2 (New Jersey, New York) | 11,936 (7.03) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0.95 (0.90–1.00) | 11,927 (99.92) | 9,547 (80.05) | 1.09 (1.03–1.14) |
| 3 (Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia) | 16,048 (9.45) | 9,145 (56.99) | 6,560 (71.73) | 1.16 (1.11–1.21) | 16,048 (100.00) | 13,148 (81.93) | 1.23 (1.17–1.28) |
| 4 (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee) | 51,112 (30.10) | 34,275 (84.01) | 24,074 (70.24) | Reference | 39,850 (97.67) | 31,372 (78.73) | Reference |
| 5 (Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin) | 26,858 (15.82) | 9,055 (46.16) | 6,658 (73.53) | 0.97 (0.94–1.01) | 15,559 (79.31) | 12,447 (80.00) | 1.06 (1.01–1.11) |
| 6 (Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas) | 18,767 (11.05) | 18,534 (98.76) | 15,051 (81.21) | 1.80 (1.72–1.87) | 18,767 (100.00) | 16,088 (85.72) | 1.63 (1.56–1.71) |
| 7 (Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska) | 7,480 (4.40) | 3,659 (48.92) | 2,811 (76.82) | 1.24 (1.17–1.31) | 6,102 (81.58) | 5,016 (82.20) | 1.36 (1.27–1.45) |
| 8 (Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, Wyoming) | 4,637 (2.73) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0.73 (0.68–0.79) | 4,444 (95.84) | 3,395 (76.40) | 0.85 (0.79–0.91) |
| 9 (Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada, Pacific Territories) | 17,878 (10.53) | 17,856 (99.88) | 11,997 (67.19) | 0.84 (0.81–0.88) | 17,856 (99.88) | 13,642 (76.40) | 0.87 (0.84–0.91) |
| 10 (Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Washington) | 7,555 (4.45) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0.86 (0.81–0.926) | 7,555 (100.00) | 5,982 (79.18) | 1.03 (0.97–1.10) |
| Employee classification†† | |||||||
| Hourly | 40,218 (44.65) | 24,130 (60.00) | 17,481 (72.45) | 0.96 (0.93–0.99) | 36,088 (95.49) | 28,880 (80.03) | 0.89 (0.86–0.92) |
| Salary | 49,861 (55.35) | 27,886 (55.93) | 20,518 (73.58) | Reference | 41,338 (92.20) | 33,830 (81.84) | Reference |
| Type of health care insurance plan‡‡ | |||||||
| HMO | 19,824 (12.17) | 13,763 (81.23) | 9,993 (72.61) | 0.96 (0.92–0.99) | 16,279 (96.08) | 13,000 (79.86) | 0.97 (0.93–1.02) |
| PPO | 78,720 (48.34) | 40,683 (60.45) | 29,725 (73.06) | Reference | 64,832 (96.34) | 15,771 (80.32) | Reference |
| POS | 20,468 (12.57) | 11,155 (55.33) | 8,101 (72.62) | 1.05 (1.02–1.09) | 19,634 (97.39) | 52,054 (80.29) | 1.00 (0.96–1.04) |
| CDHP | 18,110 (11.1287) | 9,872 (59.64) | 7,141 (72.34) | 1.05 (1.01–1.09) | 15,602 (94.25) | 12,673 (81.23) | 1.07 (1.02–1.11) |
| HDHP | 25,739 (15.80) | 15,474 (62.73) | 11,089 (71.66) | 0.96 (0.93–0.99) | 22,678 (91.93) | 18,081 (79.73) | 0.97 (0.93–1.00) |
| Other | 3,737 (2.24) | 1,985 (59.61) | 1,425 (71.79) | 0.85 (0.79–0.92) | 3,006 (90.27) | 2,355 (78.34) | 0.88 (0.81–1.04) |
Number and percentage of women who resided in a state with a law requiring third-trimester screening.
Number and percentage of the pregnant women residing in a state with a law requiring third-trimester screening who were screened for syphilis.
Odds ratios were calculated with the reference categories (age: 45–49 years; CMS region: 10; salary, PPO) and regulation requiring syphilis screening during a specific gestation period.
Number and percentage of women who resided in a state with a law requiring syphilis screening anytime during pregnancy. N = 152,256; Missing = 17,749.
Number and percentage of the pregnant women residing in a state with a law requiring anytime during pregnancy screening who were screened for syphilis.
Odds ratios were calculated for the women residing in a state with laws versus the states without current laws on the specific screening time.
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services regions contain regional offices to ensure that health care providers are meeting federal requirements. Missing = 189.
Employment classification of the primary beneficiary (Salary Non-union, Salary Union, Salary Other combined for Salary; Hourly Non-union, Hourly Union, Hourly Other combined for Hourly; N = 90,079).
Type of benefit plan, HMO, PPO, POS, CDHP, HDHP, Other; third-trimester law population: N = 92,932, Missing = 21,052; population: N = 148,953, Missing = 21,052.
Col% indicates column percent; Other, other basic or major medical comprehensive exclusive provider organizations; Row%, row percent.