ADR	adverse drug reaction
ACPA	anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody
CDAI	clinical disease activity index
cs/b DMARDs	synthetic and/or biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs
DAS28	disease activity score
DAS28-CRP	disease activity score with C-reactive protein
DAS28-ESR	disease activity score with erythrocyte sedimentation rate
DMARD	disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs
EGA	evaluator global assessment of disease activity
EULAR	European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology
HBV	hepatitis B virus
HCV	hepatitis C virus
GS	gray-scale
JAKi	Janus kinases inhibitors
LTB	interferon-gamma release assay for latent tuberculosis
MSUS	musculoskeletal ultrasonography
MTX	methotrexate
NHIF	National Health Insurance Fund
NYHA	New York Heart Association
OMERACT	Outcome Measures in Rheumatology
PD	power Doppler
PGA	patient global assessment of disease activity
RA	rheumatoid arthritis
RCT	randomized clinical trials
RF	rheumatoid factor
SDAI	simplified disease activity index
SH	synovial hypertrophy
SJC	swollen joint count
TJC	tender joint count
TOF	tofacitinib
USPD	ultrasound power Doppler
UPA	upadacitinib
US	ultrasound
USGS	ultrasound gray-scale