. 2025 Mar 5;3(2):100205. doi: 10.1016/j.mcpdig.2025.100205

Table 2.

Comparison of Speech Elicitation Tasks in Cognitive Assessment

Task description	Advantages	Disadvantages	Potential impact	Studies
Picture description	Standardized, easy to administer, assesses multiple cognitive domains	Limited to visual processing and descriptive abilities	Early detection of cognitive decline, language impairment assessment	¹⁶^,¹⁹^,²⁰^,²⁴^,²⁵^,²⁷^,²⁸^,³²^,³⁵^,³⁷^,⁴¹^,⁴⁸^,⁵²^,⁵⁹
Story recall	Assesses memory and language abilities, can be standardized	May be influenced by education and cultural background	Memory impairment detection, language assessment	²⁴^,⁴²^,⁴⁴
Spontaneous speech	Natural, reflects real-world communication	Difficult to standardize, variable content	Detecting subtle changes in language use, pragmatic deficits	⁵^,¹⁴^,²⁶^,³¹^,³⁴^,⁴⁷^,56, 57, 58
Neuropsychological test interviews	Comprehensive, assesses multiple cognitive domains	Time-consuming, requires trained administrators	Detailed cognitive profiling, early detection of various impairments	²³^,⁴⁵^,⁵¹
Voice commands	Easy to administer, reflects real-world technology use	Limited scope of language use, potential technological barriers	Monitoring cognitive health through everyday technology	⁵³^,⁵⁵
Conversational artificial intelligence interactions	Natural interaction, can be done remotely	Requires technology access, potential for misunderstandings	Continuous monitoring of cognitive health	⁶^,²⁹^,⁴⁰^,⁴⁶
Video scene description	Dynamic stimuli, assesses visual processing and narrative skills	Requires equipment, may be influenced by visual acuity	Detecting subtle changes in cognitive processing and language	⁵⁹