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. 2025 Apr 30;11:e2869. doi: 10.7717/peerj-cs.2869

Table 2. Feature comparison of IoT datasets.

Dataset Year Attack types Features Devices Real/Sim Labelled Related works reference
MedBIoT (Hao et al., 2024) 2020 IoT botnets (Mirai, Bashlite, Torii–causing DDoS, C&C traffic) 115 (Network flow stats) Mixed IoT (83 devices) Real Yes Ahmed, Beyioku & Yousefi (2024)
IoT-23 (Sharma & Babbar, 2024) 2020 Various IoT malware (20 captures incl. Mirai variants, C&C traffic, DDoS) 20+ (Zeek flow fields) Various IoT (Raspberry Pi + real IoT devices) Real Yes Ahmed, Beyioku & Yousefi (2024)
BoT-IoT (Alosaimi & Almutairi, 2023) 2018 DDoS, DoS, scanning (Reconnaissance), keylogging & data exfiltration (Theft) 47 (Extracted flow features) Smart home Sim Yes Hazman et al. (2024, 2023)
Edge-IIoT (Nuaimi et al., 2023) 2022 14 IoT/IIoT attacks in five categories (DoS/DDoS, information gathering, injection, MITM, malware) 84 (Selected features from 1,176) Industrial Sim Yes Hazman et al. (2024)
NSL-KDD (Zakariah et al., 2023) 2009 Classic attacks (DoS, R2L, U2R, Probe) 41 (Connection features) General network Sim Yes Hazman et al. (2024, 2023)
IoT network intrusion (Smart Home) (Kaur et al., 2023) 2019 Various (e.g., host scan, botnet malware, MITM, DDoS) 115 (46 (Traffic features)) Smart home Real Yes Almasri & Alajlan (2023)
ISCX 2012 (Shiravi et al., 2012) 2012 Multi-stage attacks (SSH brute force, HTTP DoS/DDoS, infiltration) 20 (flow metrics) General network Real Yes Almasri & Alajlan (2023)
N-BaIoT (Naveed, 2020) 2018 IoT botnet malware (Mirai, BASHLITE– multiple attack vectors) 115 Smart home Real Yes Taher et al. (2023)
CIC-IoT 2023 (Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity, 2023) 2023 33 large-scale IoT attacks in seven classes (DDoS, DoS, Recon, Web, Brute Force, Spoofing, Mirai) ~80 (Network-flow features, CSV) Diverse IoT (105 devices) Real Yes
ACI-IoT 2023 (Army Cyber Institute, 2023) 2023 Scanning (Reconnaissance), flooding (DoS), password cracking (Brute Force), ARP spoofing NetFlow records (e.g., 15 fields) Smart home IoT (lab setup) Real Yes